Pietrowsky R, Straub K
Clinical Psychology, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
Eat Weight Disord. 2008 Mar;13(1):14-21. doi: 10.1007/BF03327780.
Athletes of light-weight sport classes are under a constant strain to control eating and body shape, which can make them prone to develop eating disorders. In the present study, cognitive control of eating (restrained eating) and body dissatisfaction were investigated in male elite athletes of light-weight and heavy-weight classes at different ages. Body dissatisfaction was assessed under hunger and satiety. Adult light-weight rowers had extremely high scores of restrained eating and a more pronounced body dissatisfaction under hunger compared to satiety in contrast to heavy-weight rowers. Juvenile light-weight rowers had a pronounced cognitive control of eating behavior while body dissatisfaction was not affected by weight-class or hunger. The results suggest that extensive participation in a light-weight sport increases the cognitive control of eating behavior but not the disinhibition of cognitive control of eating. High levels of cognitive control of eating in the adult lightweight rowers are accompanied with body dissatisfaction under hunger but not under satiety.
轻量级运动项目的运动员一直面临着控制饮食和体型的压力，这可能使他们容易患上饮食失调症。在本研究中，对不同年龄段的轻量级和重量级男性精英运动员的饮食认知控制（克制饮食）和身体不满情况进行了调查。在饥饿和饱腹状态下评估身体不满情况。与重量级赛艇运动员相比，成年轻量级赛艇运动员在饥饿状态下的克制饮食得分极高，身体不满情况也比饱腹状态时更为明显。青少年轻量级赛艇运动员对饮食行为有明显的认知控制，而身体不满情况不受体重级别或饥饿状态的影响。结果表明，广泛参与轻量级运动可增强对饮食行为的认知控制，但不会导致饮食认知控制的抑制解除。成年轻量级赛艇运动员对饮食的高度认知控制伴随着饥饿状态下的身体不满，但饱腹状态下则不然。
