Chebotareva A A
Probl Tuberk Bolezn Legk. 2008(1):3-6.
Thirty-six children with new-onset local tuberculosis were followed up to assess its causes and the ways of its detection. The predominant form of primary tuberculosis was that of inthrathoracic lymph nodes. Six examinees had complicated tuberculosis, the latter being attended by circumscribed lymphogenic semination in 5 of them and by the bronchopulmonary syndrome in one. Eight patients were diagnosed as having a primary tuberculous complex. Tuberculin diagnosis revealed a primary tuberculous process in 33 of the 36 patients. In 25 of the 36 patients, the diagnosis was established by the routine X-ray tomography. Computed tomography was performed in 11 patients, 3 of them being diagnosed as having minor tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes, it could specify the extent and site of the lesion in the remaining patients. The risk factors included ineffective or absent BCG vaccination; a family contact with a tuberculosis patient; no preventive measures in the nidus of infection; comorbidity; a family's social ill-being.
对36例新发局部结核病患儿进行随访，以评估其病因及发现方式。原发性结核病的主要形式是胸内淋巴结结核。6例患儿患有复杂性结核病，其中5例伴有局限性淋巴源性播散，1例伴有支气管肺综合征。8例患者被诊断为原发性结核复合征。结核菌素诊断显示36例患者中有33例存在原发性结核病变。36例患者中有25例通过常规X线断层扫描确诊。11例患者进行了计算机断层扫描，其中3例被诊断为胸内淋巴结轻度结核，计算机断层扫描能够明确其余患者病变的范围和部位。危险因素包括卡介苗接种无效或未接种；与结核病患者有家庭接触；感染源未采取预防措施；合并症；家庭社会状况不佳。
