Fabbri M, Garzon R, Andreeff M, Kantarjian H M, Garcia-Manero G, Calin G A
Human Cancer Genetics, Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Leukemia. 2008 Jun;22(6):1095-105. doi: 10.1038/leu.2008.30. Epub 2008 Mar 6.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of 19-24 nucleotide noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) with posttranscriptional regulatory functions. Increasing evidences from the literature show that miRNAs play a pivotal role in human tumorigenesis. Many studies have addressed the role of miRNAs in normal hematopoiesis, giving an interpretative key to the aberrancies of expression observed in human hematological malignancies. Moreover, the recent demonstration that other ncRNAs, the ultraconserved genes (UCGs) or transcribed ultraconserved regions (T-UCRs), are involved in human cancerogenesis, suggests that the wider family of ncRNAs (including both miRNAs and UCGs) could contribute to the development of the malignant phenotype. Here we review the main studies investigating the role of miRNAs and UCRs in both normal hemopoiesis and hematological malignancies, and identify the molecular, clinical and therapeutic implications of these recent findings.
微小RNA（miRNA）是一类由19 - 24个核苷酸组成的具有转录后调控功能的非编码RNA（ncRNA）。文献中越来越多的证据表明，miRNA在人类肿瘤发生过程中起着关键作用。许多研究探讨了miRNA在正常造血中的作用，为在人类血液系统恶性肿瘤中观察到的表达异常提供了解释关键。此外，最近有证据表明其他ncRNA，即超保守基因（UCG）或转录超保守区域（T - UCR），也参与人类癌症发生，这表明更广泛的ncRNA家族（包括miRNA和UCG）可能对恶性表型的发展有贡献。在这里，我们综述了主要研究，这些研究调查了miRNA和UCR在正常造血和血液系统恶性肿瘤中的作用，并确定了这些最新发现的分子、临床和治疗意义。
