Domínguez A, Oviedo M, Carmona G, Batalla J, Bruguera M, Salleras L, Plasència A
Department of Public Health, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Vaccine. 2008 Mar 25;26(14):1737-41. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.01.048. Epub 2008 Feb 14.
To investigate the impact of a mass hepatitis A vaccination programme in preadolescents seven years after introduction in terms of its effectiveness and the prevented fraction.
The age distribution of notified cases and incidence rates in Catalonia (Spain) in the periods before (1992-1998) and after (1999-2005) introduction of the vaccination programme were compared.
The incidence rates in the whole population were 5.51 per 100,000 person-years in the 1992-1998 period and 2.98 in the 1999-2005 period. The rate reduction in the 10-19 years age group was 72.43% and was more than 45% in the 5-9 years and 20-29 years age groups. The effectiveness of the vaccination programme was 99.04 (95% CI: 93.11-99.88) and the prevented fraction in the 12-19 years age group was 90.13% (95% CI: 84.47-90.89).
The universal vaccination programme of preadolescents has had an important impact on hepatitis A in Catalonia, not only in vaccinated cohorts but also in non-vaccinated age groups due to a herd immunity effect.
在甲型肝炎大规模疫苗接种计划实施七年之后，从有效性和预防率方面调查该计划对青春期前儿童的影响。
比较了西班牙加泰罗尼亚在引入疫苗接种计划之前（1992 - 1998年）和之后（1999 - 2005年）报告病例的年龄分布和发病率。
1992 - 1998年期间全人群发病率为每10万人年5.51例，1999 - 2005年期间为2.98例。10 - 19岁年龄组的发病率下降了72.43%，5 - 9岁和20 - 29岁年龄组的发病率下降超过45%。疫苗接种计划的有效性为99.04（95%可信区间：93.11 - 99.88），12 - 19岁年龄组的预防率为90.13%（95%可信区间：84.47 - 90.89）。
青春期前儿童的普遍疫苗接种计划对加泰罗尼亚的甲型肝炎产生了重要影响，不仅对接种疫苗的队列有影响，而且由于群体免疫效应，对未接种疫苗的年龄组也有影响。
