Kwon Chian, Panstruga Ralph, Schulze-Lefert Paul
Max-Planck-Institut für Züchtungsforschung, Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, D-50829 Köln, Germany.
Trends Immunol. 2008 Apr;29(4):159-66. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2008.01.004. Epub 2008 Mar 5.
The immunological synapse in vertebrates describes a specialized junction between a T cell and a target cell, enabling execution of immune responses through focal secretion. Recent insights in the plant immune system suggest that plant cells assemble a pathogen-inducible machinery at the cell surface that shares several features with the immunological synapse. Apparent mechanistic commonalities include co-stimulatory non-self alarm signals as triggers, cell polarization driven by actin cytoskeleton remodeling, protein concentration into ring-shaped assemblies at the cell periphery and focal exocytosis mediated by soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins that are core factors for vesicle fusion. Although in plants, execution of immune responses by polar secretion seems to be a cell type-independent property, its confinement to T cells in the vertebrate immune system might reflect a greater division of labor.
脊椎动物中的免疫突触描述了T细胞与靶细胞之间的一种特殊连接，通过局部分泌实现免疫反应。植物免疫系统的最新研究表明，植物细胞在细胞表面组装了一种病原体诱导机制，该机制与免疫突触具有若干共同特征。明显的机制共性包括作为触发因素的共刺激非自身警报信号、由肌动蛋白细胞骨架重塑驱动的细胞极化、蛋白质在细胞周边聚集形成环形组装体以及由可溶性N - 乙基马来酰亚胺敏感因子附着蛋白受体（SNARE）蛋白介导的局部胞吐作用，这些蛋白是囊泡融合的核心因子。尽管在植物中，通过极性分泌执行免疫反应似乎是一种不依赖细胞类型的特性，但在脊椎动物免疫系统中其局限于T细胞可能反映了更大程度的分工。
