Roche Olivier, Dufier Jean-Louis
Service d'ophtalmologie de l'hôpital Necker-Enfants malades, Paris Cedex.
Rev Prat. 2007 Nov 30;57(18):2033-8.
The eye trouble of organic origin must be diagnosed and treated before the installation of an irreversible amblyopia. This early diagnosis rests on the observation of the child by his parents but especially on the knowledge of the various clinical signs by the general practitioner or the pediatrist. Thus, the blindness and the behaviors which is referred to it (leucocorie, strabism, nystagmus, or sometimes exophtalmy) must alert the doctor who will then address the child towards the ophthalmologist. This one will be able to highlight a malformation of the anterior segment, a cataract or glaucoma, an ocular inflammation or its after-effects, retinal, orbital or optical ways anomaly. The treatment will have to then allow a fast visual rehabilitation in order to treat the residual amblyopia as fast as possible. In some cases, it will direct the child and his parents towards a structure specialized in order to develop to the maximum of the sometimes unexpected visual capacities.
器质性眼病必须在不可逆性弱视形成之前进行诊断和治疗。这种早期诊断依赖于家长对孩子的观察，但更依赖于全科医生或儿科医生对各种临床症状的了解。因此，失明以及与之相关的症状（白瞳症、斜视、眼球震颤，有时还有眼球突出）必须引起医生的警觉，然后医生会将孩子转诊给眼科医生。眼科医生能够发现前段畸形、白内障或青光眼、眼部炎症或其后遗症、视网膜、眼眶或视路异常。治疗必须实现快速的视觉康复，以便尽快治疗残余弱视。在某些情况下，它会将孩子及其家长转介到专门机构，以最大限度地开发有时出人意料的视觉能力。
