Chardigny Jean-Michel, Destaillats Frédéric, Malpuech-Brugère Corinne, Moulin Julie, Bauman Dale E, Lock Adam L, Barbano Dave M, Mensink Ronald P, Bezelgues Jean-Baptiste, Chaumont Patrice, Combe Nicole, Cristiani Isabelle, Joffre Florent, German J Bruce, Dionisi Fabiola, Boirie Yves, Sébédio Jean-Louis
Institut National de Recherche Agronomique and Food Science, UMR1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Mar;87(3):558-66. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/87.3.558.
The consumption of monounsaturated trans fatty acids (TFAs) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Putative differences between the effects of TFAs from industrially produced and natural sources on CVD risk markers were not previously investigated in healthy subjects.
We aimed to compare the effects of TFAs from industrially produced and natural sources on HDL and LDL cholesterol, lipoprotein particle size and distribution, apolipoproteins, and other lipids in healthy subjects.
In a randomized, double-blind, controlled, crossover design, 46 healthy subjects (22 men and 24 women) consumed food items containing TFAs (11-12 g/d, representing approximately 5% of daily energy) from the 2 sources.
Forty subjects (19 men and 21 women) completed the study. Compared with TFAs from industrially produced sources, TFAs from natural sources significantly (P = 0.012) increased HDL cholesterol in women but not in men. Significant (P = 0.001) increases in LDL-cholesterol concentrations were observed in women, but not in men, after the consumption of TFAs from natural sources. Apolipoprotein (apo)B and apoA1 concentrations confirmed the changes observed in LDL and HDL cholesterol. Analysis of lipoprotein subclass showed that only large HDL and LDL concentrations were modified by TFAs from natural sources but not by those from industrially produced sources.
This study shows that TFAs from industrially produced and from natural sources have different effects on CVD risk factors in women. The HDL cholesterol-lowering property of TFAs seems to be specific to industrial sources. However, it is difficult in the present study to draw a conclusion about the effect of TFAs from either source on absolute CVD risk in these normolipidemic subjects. The mechanism underlying the observed sex- and isomer-specific effects warrants further investigation.
单不饱和反式脂肪酸（TFA）的摄入会增加心血管疾病（CVD）风险。此前尚未在健康受试者中研究工业生产来源与天然来源的TFA对CVD风险标志物影响的假定差异。
我们旨在比较工业生产来源与天然来源的TFA对健康受试者高密度脂蛋白（HDL）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇、脂蛋白颗粒大小和分布、载脂蛋白及其他脂质的影响。
采用随机、双盲、对照、交叉设计，46名健康受试者（22名男性和24名女性）食用含有来自这两种来源TFA的食物（11 - 12克/天，约占每日能量的5%）。
40名受试者（19名男性和21名女性）完成了研究。与工业生产来源的TFA相比，天然来源的TFA显著（P = 0.012）增加了女性的HDL胆固醇，但对男性没有影响。食用天然来源的TFA后，女性的LDL胆固醇浓度显著（P = 0.001）升高，但男性没有。载脂蛋白（apo）B和apoA1浓度证实了LDL和HDL胆固醇的变化。脂蛋白亚类分析表明，只有大HDL和LDL浓度受到天然来源TFA的影响，而工业生产来源的TFA则没有。
本研究表明，工业生产来源和天然来源的TFA对女性CVD风险因素有不同影响。TFA降低HDL胆固醇的特性似乎特定于工业来源。然而，在本研究中很难就任何一种来源的TFA对这些血脂正常受试者的绝对CVD风险的影响得出结论。所观察到的性别和异构体特异性效应的潜在机制值得进一步研究。
