Kindt Merel, van den Hout Marcel, Arntz Arnoud, Drost Jolijn
Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Roetersstraat 15, 1018 WB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2008 Dec;39(4):546-57. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2007.12.003. Epub 2008 Jan 25.
Ehlers and Clark [(2000). A cognitive model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 38, 319-345] propose that a predominance of data-driven processing during the trauma predicts subsequent PTSD. We wondered whether, apart from data-driven encoding, sustained data-driven processing after the trauma is also crucial for the development of PTSD. Both hypotheses were tested in two analogue experiments. Experiment 1 demonstrated that relative to conceptually-driven processing (n=20), data-driven processing after the film (n=14), resulted in more intrusions. Experiment 2 demonstrated that relative to the neutral condition (n=24) and the data-driven encoding condition (n=24), conceptual encoding (n=25) reduced suppression of intrusions and a trend emerged for memory fragmentation. The difference between the two encoding styles was due to the beneficial effect of induced conceptual encoding and not to the detrimental effect of data-driven encoding. The data support the viability of the distinction between data-driven/conceptually-driven processing for the understanding of the development of PTSD.
埃勒斯和克拉克（2000年。创伤后应激障碍的认知模型。《行为研究与治疗》，38卷，319 - 345页）提出，创伤期间以数据驱动为主的加工方式预示着随后会患上创伤后应激障碍。我们想知道，除了数据驱动的编码外，创伤后持续的数据驱动加工对于创伤后应激障碍的发展是否也至关重要。这两个假设在两项模拟实验中进行了检验。实验1表明，相对于概念驱动加工组（n = 20），影片播放后的数据驱动加工组（n = 14）出现了更多的侵入性记忆。实验2表明，相对于中性条件组（n = 24）和数据驱动编码条件组（n = 24），概念编码组（n = 25）减少了对侵入性记忆的抑制，并且出现了记忆碎片化的趋势。两种编码方式之间的差异是由于诱导概念编码的有益作用，而不是数据驱动编码的有害作用。这些数据支持了区分数据驱动/概念驱动加工对于理解创伤后应激障碍发展的可行性。
