Li Xiaoming, Naar-King Sylvie, Barnett Douglas, Stanton Bonita, Fang Xiaoyi, Thurston Celia
Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics Prevention Research Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2008 Mar-Apr;19(2):147-57. doi: 10.1016/j.jana.2007.08.004.
In addition to the obstacles to a successful resolution of grief normally faced by children whose parents have died, children orphaned by AIDS may face additional psychological and social challenges. However, limited attention has been paid to psychosocial and developmental needs of children orphaned by HIV/AIDS, particularly in resource-poor countries or regions. In this article the authors review the global literature on child bereavement and AIDS orphan care experiences in developing countries and present a developmental psychopathology model of the psychosocial issues facing AIDS orphans. The authors identify gaps in the literature and provide suggestions for future research on AIDS orphans in resource-poor countries and regions. They emphasize that future studies need to assess the status of behaviors and mental health of children orphaned by AIDS within a developmental framework, identify those individual and social factors associated with grief, and examine the long-term impact of quality of care, developmental maturation, and attachment with caregivers on the psychosocial well-being of AIDS orphans.
除了父母去世的孩子在成功化解悲痛时通常会面临的障碍之外，因艾滋病而成为孤儿的儿童可能还会面临额外的心理和社会挑战。然而，针对因艾滋病毒/艾滋病而成为孤儿的儿童的心理社会和发展需求，人们给予的关注有限，在资源匮乏的国家或地区尤其如此。在本文中，作者回顾了关于发展中国家儿童丧亲之痛及艾滋病孤儿照料经历的全球文献，并提出了一个关于艾滋病孤儿所面临心理社会问题的发展性精神病理学模型。作者指出了文献中的空白，并为未来在资源匮乏国家和地区开展关于艾滋病孤儿的研究提供了建议。他们强调，未来的研究需要在发展框架内评估因艾滋病而成为孤儿的儿童的行为和心理健康状况，确定与悲痛相关的个体和社会因素，并研究照料质量、发育成熟度以及与照料者的依恋关系对艾滋病孤儿心理社会福祉的长期影响。
