[门诊治疗中心用于大麻滥用的治疗]
[Use of an outpatient treatment center for cannabis abuse].
作者信息
Hölscher F, Bonnet U, Scherbaum N
机构信息
Arbeitsgruppe Sucht an der Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Klinik für abhängiges Verhalten und Suchtmedizin, Rheinische Kliniken Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Virchowstrasse 174, Essen, Germany.
出版信息
Nervenarzt. 2008 May;79(5):571-6. doi: 10.1007/s00115-008-2412-7.
BACKGROUND
There has been an increase of cannabis-related disorders in Germany during the last 10 years. According treatments are being established, however little is known about the treatment populations.
METHODS
The population of an outpatient treatment program for diagnosis and therapy of cannabis-related disorders was investigated using a structured interview (based on EuropASI, SCID-I) regarding sociodemographic variables, history of addiction, consumption patterns, and psychiatric comorbidity.
RESULTS
The 90 patients studied had a mean age of 27.5+/-6.6 years; 82% were male. They claimed averages of cannabis consumption for 11+/-7 years and current amount at 1.9 g per day. Alcohol problems were also common in this sample. High percentages were shown regarding unemployment, living alone, and problems with the law. Comorbid psychiatric disorders were diagnosed in 42% of patients.
CONCLUSIONS
The patients were chronic users of cannabis with extensive psychosocial problems. Therapy of cannabis-related disorders should therefore include treatment for comorbidities and social care besides the treatment for addictive behavior.
背景
在过去10年中，德国与大麻相关的疾病有所增加。正在确立相应的治疗方法，然而对于治疗人群却知之甚少。
方法
采用结构化访谈（基于欧洲成瘾严重程度指数、精神疾病诊断与统计手册第一版），对一个针对大麻相关疾病诊断和治疗的门诊治疗项目的人群进行调查，内容涉及社会人口统计学变量、成瘾史、消费模式和精神疾病共病情况。
结果
所研究的90名患者平均年龄为27.5±6.6岁；82%为男性。他们声称平均吸食大麻11±7年，目前每天吸食量为1.9克。酒精问题在该样本中也很常见。在失业、独居和法律问题方面呈现出高比例。42%的患者被诊断患有共病精神障碍。
结论
这些患者是大麻的长期使用者，存在广泛的社会心理问题。因此，除了对成瘾行为进行治疗外，大麻相关疾病的治疗还应包括对共病情况的治疗和社会关怀。
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