Samuelson Larissa K, Horst Jessica S
Department of Psychology and Iowa Center for Developmental and Learning Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Dev Sci. 2008 Mar;11(2):209-15. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2007.00667.x.
Young children tend to generalize novel names for novel solid objects by similarity in shape, a phenomenon dubbed 'the shape bias'. We believe that the critical insights needed to explain the shape bias in particular, and cognitive development more generally, come from Dynamic Systems Theory. We present two examples of recent work focusing on the real-time decision processes that underlie performance in the tasks used to measure the shape bias. We show how this work, and the dynamic systems perspective, sheds light on the controversy over the origins and development of the shape bias. In addition, we suggest that this dynamic systems perspective provides the right level for explanations of development because it requires a focus on the details of behavior over multiple timescales.
幼儿倾向于根据形状相似性对新的固体物体赋予新名称，这一现象被称为“形状偏好”。我们认为，要特别解释形状偏好，以及更广泛地解释认知发展，关键的见解来自动态系统理论。我们给出两个近期研究的例子，这些研究聚焦于用于测量形状偏好的任务表现背后的实时决策过程。我们展示了这项工作以及动态系统视角如何阐明了关于形状偏好的起源和发展的争议。此外，我们认为这种动态系统视角为发展解释提供了合适的层面，因为它要求关注多个时间尺度上行为的细节。
