Taylor G W, Borgnakke W S
School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Oral Dis. 2008 Apr;14(3):191-203. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2008.01442.x.
This report reviews the evidence for adverse effects of diabetes on periodontal health and periodontal disease on glycemic control and complications of diabetes.
MEDLINE search of the English language literature identified primary research reports published on (a) relationships between diabetes and periodontal diseases since 2000 and (b) effects of periodontal infection on glycemic control and diabetes complications since 1960.
Observational studies provided consistent evidence of greater prevalence, severity, extent, or progression of at least one manifestation of periodontal disease in 13/17 reports reviewed. Treatment and longitudinal observational studies provided evidence to support periodontal infection having an adverse effect on glycemic control, although not all investigations reported an improvement in glycemic control after periodontal treatment. Additionally, evidence from three observational studies supported periodontal disease increasing the risk for diabetes complications and no published reports refuted the findings.
The evidence reviewed supports diabetes having an adverse effect on periodontal health and periodontal infection having an adverse effect on glycemic control and incidence of diabetes complications. Further rigorous study is necessary to establish unequivocally that treating periodontal infections can contribute to glycemic control management and to the reduction of the burden of diabetes complications.
本报告回顾了糖尿病对牙周健康的不良影响以及牙周疾病对血糖控制和糖尿病并发症影响的相关证据。
通过对MEDLINE英文文献的检索，确定了自2000年以来发表的关于（a）糖尿病与牙周疾病之间关系以及自1960年以来牙周感染对血糖控制和糖尿病并发症影响的主要研究报告。
在17篇综述报告中，有13篇观察性研究提供了一致的证据，表明至少有一种牙周疾病表现的患病率、严重程度、范围或进展情况更高。治疗和纵向观察性研究提供了证据，支持牙周感染对血糖控制有不良影响，尽管并非所有研究都报告牙周治疗后血糖控制有所改善。此外，三项观察性研究的证据支持牙周疾病会增加糖尿病并发症的风险，且没有已发表的报告反驳这些发现。
所回顾的证据支持糖尿病对牙周健康有不良影响，以及牙周感染对血糖控制和糖尿病并发症的发生率有不良影响。需要进一步进行严格的研究，以明确确定治疗牙周感染有助于血糖控制管理并减轻糖尿病并发症的负担。
