Tanno Takayuki, Sakagami Takayuki
Department of Psychology, Keio University, 1545, Mita 2 chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan.
J Exp Anal Behav. 2008 Jan;89(1):5-14. doi: 10.1901/jeab.2008.89-5.
This study focused on variables that may account for response-rate differences under variable-ratio (VR) and variable-interval (VI) schedules of reinforcement. Four rats were exposed to VR, VI, tandem VI differential-reinforcement-of-high-rate, regulated-probability-interval, and negative-feedback schedules of reinforcement that provided the same rate of reinforcement. Response rates were higher under the VR schedule than the VI schedule, and the rates on all other schedules approximated those under the VR schedule. The median reinforced interresponse time (IRT) under the VI schedule was longer than for the other schedules. Thus, differences in reinforced IRTs correlated with differences in response rate, an outcome suggestive of the molecular control of response rate. This conclusion was complemented by the additional finding that the differences in molar reinforcement-feedback functions had little discernible impact on responding.
本研究聚焦于在可变比率（VR）和可变间隔（VI）强化程序下，可能导致反应率差异的变量。四只大鼠接受了VR、VI、串联VI高比率差异强化、调节概率间隔和负反馈强化程序，这些程序提供相同的强化率。VR程序下的反应率高于VI程序，且所有其他程序的反应率接近VR程序下的反应率。VI程序下的强化平均反应时间（IRT）中位数比其他程序更长。因此，强化IRT的差异与反应率的差异相关，这一结果表明反应率存在分子控制。这一结论得到了进一步发现的补充，即总体强化反馈函数的差异对反应几乎没有明显影响。
