Ghanizadeh Ahmad, Kianpoor Mohsen, Rezaei Mehdi, Rezaei Hadi, Moini Rozita, Aghakhani Kamran, Ahmadi Jamshid, Moeini Seyed Reza
Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2008 Mar 13;7:5. doi: 10.1186/1744-859X-7-5.
Sleep patterns and habits in high school students in Iran have not been well studied to date. This paper aims to re-address this balance and analyse sleep patterns and habits in Iranian children of high school age.
The subjects were 1,420 high school students randomly selected by stratified cluster sampling. This was a self-report study using a questionnaire which included items about usual sleep/wake behaviours over the previous month, such as sleep schedule, falling asleep in class, difficulty falling asleep, tiredness or sleepiness during the day, difficulty getting up in the morning, nightmares, and taking sleeping pills.
The mean duration of night sleep was 7.7 h, with no difference between girls, boys, and school year (grade). The mean time of waking in the morning was not different between genders. About 9.9% of the girls and 4.6% of the boys perceived their quality of sleep as being bad, and 58% of them reported sleepiness during the day. About 4.2% of the subjects had used medication to enhance sleep. The time of going to bed was associated with grade level and gender. Sleep latency was not associated with gender and grade level, l and 1.4% experienced bruxism more than four times a week.
Our results are in contrast with that of previous studies that concluded sleep duration is shorter in Asia than in Europe, that boys woke-up significantly later than girls, and that the frequency of sleep latency category was associated with gender and grade level. The magnitude of the daytime sleepiness, daytime sleepiness during classes, sleep latency, and incidences of waking up at night represent major public health concerns for Iran.
迄今为止，伊朗高中生的睡眠模式和习惯尚未得到充分研究。本文旨在重新探讨这一问题，并分析伊朗高中年龄段儿童的睡眠模式和习惯。
研究对象为通过分层整群抽样随机选取的1420名高中生。这是一项自我报告研究，使用了一份问卷，其中包括有关前一个月通常的睡眠/觉醒行为的项目，如睡眠时间安排、在课堂上入睡、难以入睡、白天疲倦或困倦、早上起床困难、噩梦以及服用安眠药等。
夜间睡眠的平均时长为7.7小时，女孩、男孩和学年（年级）之间没有差异。早上醒来的平均时间在性别之间没有差异。约9.9%的女孩和4.6%的男孩认为自己的睡眠质量差，其中58%的人报告白天困倦。约4.2%的受试者使用过药物来改善睡眠。上床睡觉时间与年级水平和性别有关。入睡潜伏期与性别和年级水平无关，1%和1.4%的人每周磨牙超过四次。
我们的结果与之前的研究结果相反，之前的研究得出结论，亚洲的睡眠时间比欧洲短，男孩醒来的时间明显比女孩晚，入睡潜伏期的频率与性别和年级水平有关。白天困倦的程度、课堂上的白天困倦、入睡潜伏期以及夜间醒来的发生率是伊朗主要的公共卫生问题。
