衰老与下丘脑 - 垂体轴的激素：男性的促性腺轴以及男性和女性的生长激素轴。
Aging and hormones of the hypothalamo-pituitary axis: gonadotropic axis in men and somatotropic axes in men and women.
作者信息
Veldhuis Johannes D
机构信息
Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinical Translational Research Center, School of Graduate Medical Education, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
出版信息
Ageing Res Rev. 2008 Jul;7(3):189-208. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2007.12.005. Epub 2008 Jan 5.
Abstract
Neuroendocrinology of the aging (male) gonadal and (male and female) somatotropic axes will be reviewed. A companion chapter discusses reproductive hormonal changes in aging women. Both the gonadal and growth-hormone/insulin-like growth factor (GH/IGF-I) axes function as ensembles. The ensembles comprise tripartite interactions among the brain (hypothalamus), anterior pituitary gland (gonadotrope and somatotrope cells) and target organs (testis, liver, muscle, fat and brain). Compelling evidence indicates that combined hypothalamic and gonadal adaptations operate in the reproductive axis of older men, and multiple hypothalamic adaptations prevail in the GH axis of elderly men and women. Evolving investigative methods allow more precise parsing of the particular mechanisms that subserve such age-related changes, and suggest novel interventional strategies to evaluate the physiological impact of the dynamic alterations discerned in aging individuals.
摘要
本文将综述衰老（男性）性腺轴和（男性及女性）生长激素轴的神经内分泌学。另一章将讨论老年女性的生殖激素变化。性腺轴和生长激素/胰岛素样生长因子（GH/IGF-I）轴均作为一个整体发挥作用。这些整体包括大脑（下丘脑）、垂体前叶（促性腺激素细胞和生长激素细胞）和靶器官（睾丸、肝脏、肌肉、脂肪和大脑）之间的三方相互作用。有力证据表明，下丘脑和性腺的联合适应性变化在老年男性的生殖轴中起作用，而下丘脑的多种适应性变化在老年男性和女性的生长激素轴中占主导地位。不断发展的研究方法使我们能够更精确地剖析促成此类与年龄相关变化的具体机制，并提出新的干预策略，以评估在衰老个体中发现的动态变化的生理影响。
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