Knudsen Kai, Greter Joachim, Verdicchio Mario
Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden.
Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2008 Mar;46(3):187-92. doi: 10.1080/15563650701263633.
GHB is a drug of abuse and acute poisonings have been an increasing medical problem over the last decade in Sweden.
To document all cases of GHB poisonings in Gothenburg during 1995-2004 and to record drug-related deaths to compare the toxicity of GHB with other illicit drugs, such as heroin and amphetamine.
The number of GHB-poisoned patients treated at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital has been recorded with the help of an in-house database. The number of deaths by illicit drugs was recorded during 2004. Seizures of the drugs GHB, 1,4-butanediol, and GBL were registered between 1996 and 2004.
The number of poisoned patients was 259. The number of seizures with GHB was 743, GBL 343, and 1,4-butanediol 236. In 2004 the number of deaths was 6 with heroin, 7 with GHB, 32 with amphetamine, 6 with cocaine, and one with methadone. One patient with GHB poisoning died during hospital care.
Intoxication by GHB has substantial morbidity and abuse of GHB has substantial mortality. The acute prognosis is good but long-term prognosis is insecure with an increased risk for drug dependency and an early death.
γ-羟基丁酸（GHB）是一种滥用药物，在过去十年中，急性中毒在瑞典已成为一个日益严重的医学问题。
记录1995 - 2004年期间哥德堡市所有GHB中毒病例，并记录与药物相关的死亡情况，以比较GHB与其他非法药物（如海洛因和苯丙胺）的毒性。
借助内部数据库记录了在萨尔格伦斯卡大学医院接受治疗的GHB中毒患者数量。记录了2004年期间非法药物导致的死亡人数。登记了1996年至2004年期间GHB、1,4 - 丁二醇和γ-丁内酯（GBL）的缉获量。
中毒患者人数为259人。GHB的缉获量为743次，GBL为343次，1,4 - 丁二醇为236次。2004年，海洛因导致6人死亡，GHB导致7人死亡，苯丙胺导致32人死亡，可卡因导致6人死亡，美沙酮导致1人死亡。1例GHB中毒患者在住院治疗期间死亡。
GHB中毒有相当高的发病率，GHB滥用有相当高的死亡率。急性预后良好，但长期预后不确定，药物依赖风险增加且有早亡风险。
