Dulskiene Virginija, Malinauskiene Vilija, Azaraviciene Ada, Kuciene Renata
Institute of Cardiology, Kaunas University of Medicine, Sukileliu 17, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2008;44(2):139-46.
The objective of this study was to determinate the incidence and diagnostics of congenital heart defects in Kaunas infant population in 1999-2005 and to compare the data obtained with the data of years 1995-1998.
The study population comprised all newborns born in Kaunas city during 1999-2005. Congenital heart defects were registered based on clinical diagnosis after its verification using the data from consulting centers and pediatric outpatient departments. To assess the incidence of congenital heart malformations in newborn population, we conducted a validated newborn register based on maternal residential district. Modern epidemiological methods were used for data analysis.
In 1999-2005, there were 24 069 live births in Kaunas: 2231 newborns were born with congenital anomalies, 198 had congenital heart malformations. The incidence of congenital heart defects was 8.2 per 1000 live newborns. The majority of congenital heart malformations were diagnosed in delivery units (93.94%). We have analyzed the relationship between birth weight and gestational age of newborns with congenital heart malformations. Newborns with low birth weight were at significantly higher risk of congenital heart malformation than newborns with normal birth weight (OR=3.52, 95% CI, 2.25-5.47). Our data also showed that newborns born before 32 weeks of gestation had a 5-fold increased risk of congenital heart malformation (OR=5.20; 95% CI, 2.50-10.84) and infants born before 37 weeks of gestation had a 4-fold increased risk (OR=4.08; 95% CI, 2.68-6.19) compared with newborns born after 37 weeks of gestation.
This study shows that incidence of congenital heart anomalies in Kaunas newborn population was 8.2 cases per 1000 live newborns in 1999-2005. It was determined that during 1999-2005, the number of above-mentioned anomalies diagnosed in delivery units increased by 23%.
本研究的目的是确定1999 - 2005年考纳斯市婴儿群体中先天性心脏缺陷的发病率和诊断情况，并将所得数据与1995 - 1998年的数据进行比较。
研究人群包括1999 - 2005年在考纳斯市出生的所有新生儿。先天性心脏缺陷根据临床诊断进行登记，诊断经咨询中心和儿科门诊的数据核实。为评估新生儿群体中先天性心脏畸形的发病率，我们基于母亲居住地区建立了一个经过验证的新生儿登记册。采用现代流行病学方法进行数据分析。
1999 - 2005年，考纳斯市有24069例活产儿：2231例新生儿患有先天性异常，198例患有先天性心脏畸形。先天性心脏缺陷的发病率为每1000例活产新生儿8.2例。大多数先天性心脏畸形在分娩单位被诊断出来（93.94%）。我们分析了患有先天性心脏畸形的新生儿的出生体重与孕周之间的关系。低出生体重的新生儿患先天性心脏畸形的风险显著高于正常出生体重的新生儿（比值比=3.52，95%置信区间，2.25 - 5.47）。我们的数据还显示，与孕37周后出生的新生儿相比，孕32周前出生的新生儿患先天性心脏畸形的风险增加了5倍（比值比=5.20；95%置信区间，2.50 - 10.84），孕37周前出生的婴儿患先天性心脏畸形的风险增加了4倍（比值比=4.08；95%置信区间，2.68 - 6.19）。
本研究表明，1999 - 2005年考纳斯市新生儿群体中先天性心脏异常的发病率为每1000例活产新生儿8.2例。已确定在1999 - 2005年期间，在分娩单位诊断出的上述异常数量增加了23%。
