Friedman Deborah I
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 659, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
Expert Rev Neurother. 2008 Mar;8(3):397-407. doi: 10.1586/14737175.8.3.397.
Pseudotumor cerebri (PTC) is characterized by intracranial hypertension without ventriculomegaly, in the absence of a mass lesion or meningeal process. When there is no secondary cause, it is termed 'idiopathic intracranial hypertension'. Headache is the most common symptom of PTC, present in over 90% of patients. The headache is often disabling and nonspecific in character; thus, ophthalmoscopy is imperative for all patients being evaluated for headache. Visual loss is the major morbidity of PTC, requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent permanent deficits. Medical and surgical treatments are employed, although evidence-based treatment guidelines do not exist. This review discusses the diagnosis, differential diagnosis and management strategies for patients with PTC.
假性脑瘤（PTC）的特征是颅内压升高，脑室无扩大，且无占位性病变或脑膜病变。当不存在继发原因时，称为“特发性颅内高压”。头痛是PTC最常见的症状，超过90%的患者会出现。头痛通常使人丧失能力且性质不具特异性；因此，对于所有因头痛接受评估的患者，眼底检查必不可少。视力丧失是PTC的主要并发症，需要及时诊断和治疗以防止永久性缺陷。尽管不存在循证治疗指南，但仍采用药物和手术治疗。本文综述讨论了PTC患者的诊断、鉴别诊断和管理策略。
