Anderson John R, Qin Yulin
Psychology Deparmtment, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
J Cogn Neurosci. 2008 Sep;20(9):1624-36. doi: 10.1162/jocn.2008.20108.
A functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study was performed in which participants performed a complex series of mental calculations that spanned about 2 min. An Adaptive Control of Thought--Rational (ACT-R) model [Anderson, J. R. How can the human mind occur in the physical universe? New York: Oxford University Press, 2007] was developed that successfully fit the distribution of latencies. This model generated predictions for the fMRI signal in six brain regions that have been associated with modules in the ACT-R theory. The model's predictions were confirmed for a fusiform region that reflects the visual module, for a prefrontal region that reflects the retrieval module, and for an anterior cingulate region that reflects the goal module. In addition, the only significant deviations to the motor region that reflects the manual module were anticipatory hand movements. In contrast, the predictions were relatively poor for a parietal region that reflects an imaginal module and for a caudate region that reflects the procedural module. Possible explanations of these poor fits are discussed. In addition, exploratory analyses were performed to find regions that might correspond to the predictions of the modules.
进行了一项功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究，参与者在其中执行了一系列复杂的心理计算，持续约2分钟。开发了一种思维自适应控制——理性（ACT-R）模型[安德森，J.R.《人类思维如何出现在物理宇宙中？》纽约：牛津大学出版社，2007年]，该模型成功拟合了潜伏期分布。该模型对与ACT-R理论中的模块相关的六个脑区的fMRI信号进行了预测。该模型的预测在反映视觉模块的梭状区域、反映检索模块的前额叶区域以及反映目标模块的前扣带区域得到了证实。此外，对反映手动模块的运动区域的唯一显著偏差是预期的手部动作。相比之下，该模型对反映想象模块的顶叶区域和反映程序模块的尾状核区域的预测相对较差。讨论了这些拟合不佳的可能解释。此外，还进行了探索性分析，以寻找可能与模块预测相对应的区域。
