希腊铁路司机的睡眠呼吸障碍与生活质量

Sleep-disordered breathing and quality of life of railway drivers in Greece.

作者信息

Nena Evangelia, Tsara Venetia, Steiropoulos Paschalis, Constantinidis Theodoros, Katsarou Zoe, Christaki Pandora, Bouros Demosthenes

机构信息

George Papanikolaou General Hospital, Sleep Unit, 2nd Chest Department, Exohi, Thessaloniki 57010, Greece.

出版信息

Chest. 2008 Jul;134(1):79-86. doi: 10.1378/chest.07-2849. Epub 2008 Mar 17.

DOI:10.1378/chest.07-2849

PMID:18347205

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and especially obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are associated with daytime sleepiness and an increased risk for motor vehicle crashes. Previous studies have assessed the prevalence of OSA among professional drivers, but no study so far has focused on railway drivers. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of SDB among Greek railway drivers, and correlate it with daytime sleepiness, quality of life, and symptoms.

METHODS

The following three different questionnaires were anonymously answered by 226 train drivers: a general questionnaire on their demographics and sleep habits; the Greek version of the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS); and the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item short form (SF-36). Of the 226 drivers, 50 underwent a sleep study, a physical examination, and an assessment of their respiratory function.

RESULTS

Participants were all men, had a mean (+/-SD) age of 46.9+/-3.9 years, were overweight (mean body mass index [BMI], 28.7+/-3.7 kg/m2), and were smokers (59.7%). Snoring was reported by 69.9% of them, and apneas by 11.5%. The mean ESS score was 5.4+/-3.2. SF-36 scores were similar to those of the Greek population. The mean apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was 11+/-14 events per hour, and the mean pulse oximetric saturation was 93.2+/-2.5%. According to AHI severity, they were divided into the following three groups: group 1, normal breathing function in sleep (n=19; AHI, <5 events per hour); group 2, mild OSA (n=20; AHI, 5.1 to 15 events per hour); group 3, moderate/severe OSA (n=11; AHI, >15 events per hour). The three groups differed in terms of BMI, and neck, waist, and hip circumferences. No difference was detected, though, in ESS and SF-36 scores.

CONCLUSION

The majority of the Greek railway drivers are overweight and smokers. The most common reported symptom in the questionnaires is snoring, without significant daytime impairment, while sleep studies show a potentially higher prevalence of OSA.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

Democritus University of Thrace Identifier: 2979/5-2003.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

Union of the Greek Railway Drivers Identifier: 536/10-2003.

摘要

背景

睡眠呼吸障碍（SDB），尤其是阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA），与白天嗜睡以及机动车碰撞风险增加有关。既往研究评估了职业驾驶员中OSA的患病率，但迄今为止尚无研究聚焦于铁路驾驶员。本研究旨在评估希腊铁路驾驶员中SDB的患病率，并将其与白天嗜睡、生活质量及症状相关联。

方法

226名火车驾驶员匿名回答了以下三种不同问卷：一份关于其人口统计学和睡眠习惯的一般问卷；希腊版的爱泼华嗜睡量表（ESS）；以及医学结果研究36项简表（SF-36）。在这226名驾驶员中，50人接受了睡眠研究、体格检查及呼吸功能评估。

结果

参与者均为男性，平均（±标准差）年龄为46.9±3.9岁，超重（平均体重指数[BMI]为28.7±3.7kg/m²），且为吸烟者（59.7%）。69.9%的人报告有打鼾，11.5%的人报告有呼吸暂停。ESS平均得分为5.4±3.2。SF-36得分与希腊人群相似。平均呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）为每小时11±14次事件，平均脉搏血氧饱和度为93.2±2.5%。根据AHI严重程度，他们被分为以下三组：第1组，睡眠中呼吸功能正常（n = 19；AHI，每小时<5次事件）；第2组，轻度OSA（n = 20；AHI，5.1至15次事件/小时）；第3组，中度/重度OSA（n = 11；AHI，>15次事件/小时）。三组在BMI以及颈围、腰围和臀围方面存在差异。然而，在ESS和SF-36得分方面未检测到差异。