Harnish Stacy M, Neils-Strunjas Jean
Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0379, USA.
Semin Speech Lang. 2008 Feb;29(1):44-59. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1061624.
Decline in semantic memory is a key feature of Alzheimer's disease, and reading and writing performance reflects this loss. The article presents an overview of theoretical reading and spelling models, including definitions of key terminology and controversies surrounding the interaction of semantics and the orthographic lexicon. We review literature supporting a direct lexical nonsemantic route in reading and writing. The reading and writing deficits of Alzheimer's disease are contrasted with those of semantic dementia. Methods of assessing semantic memory in reading and writing are outlined, including administering published tests, word lists, homophones, written confrontation naming, verbal fluency, and written narrative analysis.
语义记忆衰退是阿尔茨海默病的一个关键特征，读写能力表现反映了这种衰退。本文概述了理论性的阅读和拼写模型，包括关键术语的定义以及围绕语义与正字法词汇表相互作用的争议。我们回顾了支持读写过程中存在直接词汇非语义路径的文献。将阿尔茨海默病的读写缺陷与语义性痴呆的缺陷进行了对比。概述了在读写中评估语义记忆的方法，包括使用已发表的测试、单词列表、同音词、书面视觉命名、言语流畅性和书面叙述分析。
