Kosiak Wojciech, Swieton Dominik, Piskunowicz Maciej
Pediatric Nephrology Department, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland.
Am J Emerg Med. 2008 Mar;26(3):320-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2007.07.012.
Body fluid status is one of the most important parameters estimated during every clinical examination. In many disorders, the therapy and its effectiveness depend on appropriate evaluation of body water status. There are some useful methods of evaluating body fluid incontinence; however, all of them are burdened with some limitations, especially when used in the emergency department. We introduce a new sonographic parameter, the "inferior vena cava (IVC)/aorta (Ao) diameter (IVC/Ao) index," as a convenient, quick, and effective way of evaluating body fluid status. The usefulness of the sonographic assessment of IVC diameter has already been proven in children with nephrotic syndrome, in hemodialysis patients, and in patients hospitalized in intensive care units. However, this method is limited by the necessity of comparing IVC diameter to body surface, measuring IVC diameter during maximal inspiration and expiration, or lack of reference values for the pediatric population, which can be eliminated in our new method of body fluid status assessment.
体液状态是每次临床检查时评估的最重要参数之一。在许多疾病中，治疗方法及其有效性取决于对机体水状态的恰当评估。有一些评估体液失禁的有用方法；然而，所有这些方法都有一定局限性，尤其是在急诊科使用时。我们引入一种新的超声参数，即“下腔静脉（IVC）/主动脉（Ao）直径（IVC/Ao）指数”，作为一种方便、快捷且有效的评估体液状态的方法。超声评估IVC直径的有效性已在肾病综合征患儿、血液透析患者以及重症监护病房住院患者中得到证实。然而，该方法存在局限性，需要将IVC直径与体表面积进行比较，在最大吸气和呼气时测量IVC直径，或者缺乏儿科人群的参考值，而我们新的体液状态评估方法可以消除这些局限性。
