Jiang Gui-hua, Yan Jian-hao, Lin Chu-lan, Huang Yuan, Wen Hua, Li Wu-ming
Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Second People's Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510317, China.
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 2008 Mar;28(3):457-9.
To study the anatomy of the facial artery using 16-slice spiral CT angiography (CTA).
Forty-five patients without vascular pathologies or other anomalies underwent 16-slice spiral CT angiography after injection of 350 mg I/ml Omnipaque through the ulnar vein. MIP and volume rendering of the images were performed to analyze the left and right facial artery.
The left facial artery arose from the external carotid artery with the distances from the carotid artery bifurcation of 4.5-47.90 mm (mean 18.77-/+8.98 mm), and in 1 case (2.2%), the artery arose from the common carotid artery. The right facial artery arose from the external carotid artery in all the 45 cases (100%) with distances from the carotid artery bifurcation of 6.8-39.70 mm (mean 19.23-/+8.25 mm). The bilateral facial arteries more commonly arose from the external carotid artery independently, and the lingual artery and facial artery sharing the same trunk arising from the external carotid artery was less common. In 1 case, the left facial artery and the submental artery shared the same trunk, and in another case, the left facial artery, thyroid artery and lingual artery shared the same trunk. The diameter of the left facial artery ranged from 1.40 to 4.70 mm (mean 2.83-/+0.77 mm), and that of the right facial artery was 1.60-4.30 mm (mean 2.81-/+0.79 mm). The left facial artery ended below the angle of the mouth in 12 cases (26.67%), between the angle of the mouth and the nasal wing in 7 cases (15.56%), and above the nasal wing in 26 cases (57.77%). The right facial artery ended below the angle of the mouth in 7 cases (15.56%), between the angle of the mouth and the nasal wing in 12 cases (26.67%), and above the nasal wing in 26 cases (57.77%). The bilateral facial arteries frequently passed through the submandibular gland parenchyma (23 cases on the left and 24 cases on the right), and the facial arteries were found occasionally to run below the submandibular gland (11 cases on the left and 9 on the right).
16-slice spiral CT angiography can help in preoperative facial artery evaluation noninvasively. This modality can clearly display the bilateral facial arteries, including their origin, course, distribution and ending to provide detailed information for flap designing before plastic surgery and for preoperative evaluation for microvascular surgery.
采用16层螺旋CT血管造影（CTA）研究面动脉的解剖结构。
45例无血管病变或其他异常的患者经尺静脉注射350mgI/ml欧乃派克后行16层螺旋CT血管造影。对图像进行最大密度投影（MIP）和容积再现技术处理，分析左右面动脉。
左面动脉起自颈外动脉，距颈动脉分叉处4.5～47.90mm（平均18.77±8.98mm），1例（2.2%）起自颈总动脉。右面动脉45例（100%）均起自颈外动脉，距颈动脉分叉处6.8～39.70mm（平均19.23±8.25mm）。双侧面动脉多独立起自颈外动脉，舌动脉与面动脉共干起自颈外动脉较少见。1例左面动脉与颏下动脉共干，另1例左面动脉、甲状腺动脉与舌动脉共干。左面动脉直径1.40～4.70mm（平均2.83±0.77mm），右面动脉直径1.60～4.30mm（平均2.81±0.79mm）。左面动脉在口角下方终支12例（26.67%），在口角与鼻翼间终支7例（15.56%），在鼻翼上方终支26例（57.77%）。右面动脉在口角下方终支7例（15.56%），在口角与鼻翼间终支12例（26.67%），在鼻翼上方终支26例（57.77%）。双侧面动脉常穿行于下颌下腺实质内（左侧23例，右侧24例），偶尔见面动脉走行于下颌下腺下方（左侧11例，右侧9例）。
16层螺旋CT血管造影有助于无创性地进行术前面动脉评估。该方法能清晰显示双侧面动脉，包括其起源、走行、分布及终支情况，为整形手术前皮瓣设计及微血管手术术前评估提供详细信息。
