Kaneko Hisatoshi, Kawana Takashi, Ishioka Ken, Ohno Shigeaki, Aoki Koki, Suzutani Tatsuo
Department of Microbiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.
J Med Virol. 2008 May;80(5):883-7. doi: 10.1002/jmv.21154.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is isolated principally from the upper half of the body innervated by the trigeminal ganglia whereas herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is generally isolated from the lower half of the body innervated by the sacral ganglia. However, recent reports suggest that HSV-1 and HSV-2 can each infect both the upper and lower half of the body causing a variety of symptoms and there is a possibility that HSV-1 and HSV-2 infections can occur simultaneously with both causing symptoms. HSV type in clinical isolates from 87 patients with genital herpes and 57 with ocular herpes was determined by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and six cases of mixed infection with both HSV-1 and HSV-2 were identified. Of the six cases, three were patients with genital herpes and three were ocular herpes patients. Analysis of the copy number of the HSV-1 and HSV-2 genome by a quantitative real time PCR demonstrated that HSV-1 was dominant at a ratio of approximately 100:1 in the ocular infections. In contrast, the HSV-2 genome was present at a 4-40 times higher frequency in isolates from genital herpes patients. There was no obvious difference between the clinical course of mixed infection and those of single HSV-1 or HSV-2 infections. This study indicated that the frequency of mixed infection with both HSV-1 and HSV-2 is comparatively higher than those of previous reports. The genome ratio of HSV-1 and HSV-2 reflects the preference of each HSV type for the target organ.
1型单纯疱疹病毒（HSV-1）主要从由三叉神经节支配的身体上半部分离出来，而2型单纯疱疹病毒（HSV-2）通常从由骶神经节支配的身体下半部分离出来。然而，最近的报告表明，HSV-1和HSV-2均可感染身体的上半部分和下半部分，引起各种症状，并且HSV-1和HSV-2感染有可能同时发生并都出现症状。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）确定了87例生殖器疱疹患者和57例眼部疱疹患者临床分离株中的HSV类型，共鉴定出6例HSV-1和HSV-2混合感染病例。在这6例病例中，3例为生殖器疱疹患者，3例为眼部疱疹患者。通过定量实时PCR分析HSV-1和HSV-2基因组的拷贝数表明，在眼部感染中HSV-1以约100:1的比例占主导地位。相比之下，在生殖器疱疹患者的分离株中，HSV-2基因组的出现频率高4至40倍。混合感染的临床病程与单一HSV-1或HSV-2感染的临床病程之间没有明显差异。这项研究表明，HSV-1和HSV-2混合感染的频率比以前的报告相对更高。HSV-1和HSV-2的基因组比例反映了每种HSV类型对靶器官的偏好。
