Butcher Jonathan T, Simmons Craig A, Warnock James N
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
J Heart Valve Dis. 2008 Jan;17(1):62-73.
The aortic heart valve is a complex and sophisticated structure that functions in a mechanically challenging environment. With each cardiac cycle, blood flow exerts shear stresses, bending stress and tensile and compressive forces on the valve tissue. These forces determine a plethora of biological responses, including gene expression, protein activation and cell phenotype. Consequently, mechanical forces may influence valve remodeling or pathological changes. Understanding the mechanobiology of heart valves is a vast task. Herein, some of the recent studies that have increased current knowledge of endothelial and interstitial cell interactions with physical forces are examined. Additionally, experimental co-culture models are described that are being developed to further improve the understanding of endothelial-interstitial cell interactions. Finally, the means by which organ culture systems are being utilized to study heart valve biology, thereby providing a complementary approach to in vivo experimentation, are described.
主动脉心脏瓣膜是一个复杂而精巧的结构，在机械环境具有挑战性的条件下发挥功能。在每个心动周期中，血流对瓣膜组织施加剪切应力、弯曲应力以及拉伸和压缩力。这些力决定了大量的生物学反应，包括基因表达、蛋白质激活和细胞表型。因此，机械力可能会影响瓣膜重塑或病理变化。了解心脏瓣膜的力学生物学是一项艰巨的任务。本文研究了一些最近的研究，这些研究增加了我们目前对内皮细胞和间质细胞与物理力相互作用的认识。此外，还描述了正在开发的实验性共培养模型，以进一步增进对内皮细胞 - 间质细胞相互作用的理解。最后，阐述了利用器官培养系统研究心脏瓣膜生物学的方法，从而为体内实验提供一种补充方法。
