Wülker N, Wirth C J, Massmann J
Orthopädische Klinik, Medizinischen Hochschule, Hannover.
Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb. 1991 Sep-Oct;129(5):431-7. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1040269.
One-hundred patients with anterior foot pain were examined by tangential sesamoid x-rays and some by bone scan. Degenerative changes were present at the sesamoid joint in thirty patients. In thirty-five the sesamoids had changed position relative to the first metatarsal bone, which in all cases could be attributed to metatarsus-primus-varus. Three fractures were found. They were differentiated from congenital partitions only by bone scan. Osteomalacia of the sesamoids was observed in two patients. Operative removal was necessary in only one of all patients.