Codner Ethel, Román Rossana
Institute of Maternal and Child Research, (IDIMI), School of Medicine, University of Chile, Casilla 226-3, Santiago, Chile.
Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. 2008 Mar;5(3):760-5.
Premature thelarche is a benign condition, which has been described as a "variant of puberty". Early breast development is especially prevalent during the first year of life, when the gonadal axis is usually active. Ultrasensitive bioassays have described higher estrogen levels in these girls compared to controls. Some cases of premature thelarche may also exhibit increased growth velocity and/or bone age, despite prepubertal gonadotropin secretion. These cases have been labeled as exaggerated thelarche and may represent an intermediate state between benign premature thelarche and precocious puberty. Several factors have been associated with the etiology of premature thelarche, such as endocrine disruptors, and genetic and nutritional factors. Recently, it has been shown that some girls with exaggerated or fluctuating thelarche may have an activating mutation in the GNAS gene, which codifies for alpha subunit of G stimulating protein (Gsalpha). We discuss the different phenotypes that may be associated with PT and its etiology.
乳房过早发育是一种良性病症，曾被描述为“青春期的一种变体”。早期乳房发育在生命的第一年尤为普遍，此时性腺轴通常处于活跃状态。超敏生物测定法显示，与对照组相比，这些女孩体内的雌激素水平更高。尽管青春期前促性腺激素分泌正常，但一些乳房过早发育的病例也可能表现出生长速度加快和/或骨龄增加。这些病例被标记为乳房过早发育过度，可能代表了良性乳房过早发育和性早熟之间的一种中间状态。乳房过早发育的病因与多种因素有关，如内分泌干扰物、遗传和营养因素。最近的研究表明，一些乳房过早发育过度或波动的女孩可能存在GNAS基因突变，该基因编码G刺激蛋白（Gsalpha）的α亚基。我们讨论了可能与乳房过早发育及其病因相关的不同表型。
