Peters Jörg
Institute of Physiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswalder Strasse 11C, Karlsburg, Germany.
J Mol Med (Berl). 2008 Jun;86(6):711-4. doi: 10.1007/s00109-008-0328-0. Epub 2008 Mar 27.
Renin is commonly known as a secretory glycoprotein, which is expressed, stored, and secreted in a regulated manner by the kidney. The rat kidney exclusively expresses secretory renin. In this organ, renin regulates glomerular filtration rate, vascular resistance, and sodium reabsorbtion. In the adult rat heart, secretory preprorenin is not expressed. Instead, an alternative renin transcript is expressed that encodes for a previously unrecognized cytosolic renin. The expression of cytosolic but not of secretory renin increases markedly after myocardial infarction, indicating a role specifically for cytosolic renin in postischemic repair processes. In the adrenal gland, secretory renin is expressed and provides the basis for an intra-adrenal angiotensin (ANG) II amplification system. This amplification system reduces the demand for circulating ANGII to stimulate aldosterone production and thus minimizes any detrimental effects of circulating ANGII in other tissues. The adrenal gland additionally expresses cytosolic renin, which is targeted to mitochondria. Adrenal cytosolic renin increases aldosterone production plasma renin independently.
肾素通常被认为是一种分泌性糖蛋白，由肾脏以一种受调控的方式表达、储存和分泌。大鼠肾脏仅表达分泌性肾素。在这个器官中，肾素调节肾小球滤过率、血管阻力和钠重吸收。在成年大鼠心脏中，不表达分泌性前肾素原。相反，会表达一种替代性肾素转录本，其编码一种先前未被识别的胞质肾素。心肌梗死后，胞质肾素而非分泌性肾素的表达显著增加，表明胞质肾素在缺血后修复过程中具有特定作用。在肾上腺中，表达分泌性肾素，并为肾上腺内血管紧张素（ANG）II 放大系统提供基础。该放大系统减少了对循环 ANGII 刺激醛固酮产生的需求，从而将循环 ANGII 在其他组织中的任何有害影响降至最低。肾上腺还表达靶向线粒体的胞质肾素。肾上腺胞质肾素独立增加醛固酮产生和血浆肾素。
