Bogdanović Ljiljana, Savić Slobodan, Basta-Jovanović Gordana
Srp Arh Celok Lek. 2007 Nov-Dec;135 11-12:659-65. doi: 10.2298/sarh0712659b.
Suicide is a conscious and intentional destruction of one's own life, which occurs as a result of mutual influence of a person's disposition and motives (facts inspiring the commitment of suicide). It is well known that various diseases, including malignancies, could be important and in some cases the only motive for committing suicide.
The purpose of the study was to analyze in detail suicides of persons whose only motive was an established malignant disease.
The analysis was performed using the autopsy material of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, during the period from 1990 to 2004. The reports on performed medico-legal autopsies were used, as well as history data obtained from the family members of suicidal persons, investigation reports and the available medical documents.
In 1931 cases there was established suicidal nature of a violent death. Neoplasms were the suicidal motive in 37 persons (1.9%). The basic characteristics of the analyzed sample were predominance of males (26:11, ratio 2.4:1), the age of over 70 years and the highest incidence of malignant lung and breast tumours. Almost all cases were the persons who underwent treatment for malignant neoplasms over a longer period of time. During 19 autopsies (51.3% out of 37), a progressive phase of malignancy was established, i.e. metastases. The data on prior oral announcement of suicide intention were obtained for 70.3% (26 cases), and on previous suicidal attempts only for 13.5% (5) cases. In the majority of cases (78.4%) the place of committed suicide was the person's home. In 16 cases (43.2%) the suicide was committed with a firearm. Hanging as a manner of destroying one's own life was chosen by 12 persons (32.4%), while other ways were less frequently used.
Although malignancies were not present with high incidence as a suicidal motive in our analyzed sample, such cases require particular care of health workers in order to enable the application of adequate measures in the prevention of suicides in persons with malignant diseases. The suicide analyses performed so far indicated that a malignant disease was the motive. Doctors have to show maximal interest for the patient. Prevention is crucial, so the patient should be provided with such surroundings in which the person will not feel alone and abandoned.
自杀是对自身生命的有意识和故意的毁灭，它是一个人的性格和动机（引发自杀行为的因素）相互影响的结果。众所周知，包括恶性肿瘤在内的各种疾病可能是重要的，在某些情况下是自杀的唯一动机。
本研究的目的是详细分析那些唯一动机是确诊恶性疾病的人的自杀情况。
分析采用了贝尔格莱德大学医学院法医学研究所1990年至2004年期间的尸检材料。使用了已进行的法医尸检报告，以及从自杀者家属处获得的病史数据、调查报告和现有的医疗文件。
在1931例暴力死亡案例中确定了自杀性质。肿瘤是37人（1.9%）自杀的动机。分析样本的基本特征是男性占主导（26:11，比例为2.4:1），年龄超过70岁，恶性肺肿瘤和乳腺肿瘤发病率最高。几乎所有病例都是长期接受恶性肿瘤治疗的患者。在19例尸检中（37例中的51.3%），确定为恶性肿瘤进展期，即出现转移。有70.3%（26例）的案例有自杀意图的事先口头告知，而只有13.5%（5例）有过先前自杀未遂的情况。在大多数案例（78.4%）中，自杀地点是自杀者的家中。16例（43.2%）自杀是使用枪支。12人（32.4%）选择上吊作为自杀方式，而其他方式使用较少。
尽管在我们分析的样本中，恶性肿瘤作为自杀动机的发生率不高，但此类案例需要医护人员特别关注，以便能够采取适当措施预防恶性疾病患者自杀。迄今为止进行的自杀分析表明恶性疾病是动机。医生必须对患者表现出最大的兴趣。预防至关重要，因此应为患者提供不会让其感到孤独和被抛弃的环境。
