Wittig U, Lindert J, Merbach M, Brähler E
University Clinic of Leipzig, Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Leipzig, Germany.
Eur Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;23 Suppl 1:28-35. doi: 10.1016/S0924-9338(08)70059-2.
Empirical studies on migration and mental health of migrants are still rare. In Germany they are often characterised by low sample sizes and are limited to certain diseases and geographical areas (old federal states). The comparability of their results is limited. Nonetheless, the assessment of migrants' health is necessary for adequate medical and psychosocial care for this target group.
To provide data on mental health of migrants from Poland and from Vietnam in Germany.
We have assessed a random sample of migrants from Poland (n=140) and from Vietnam (n=88) using the Giessen Subjective Complaints List - 24 (GSCL-24) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Additionally we asked migrants about their knowledge of health care institutions in case of psychosocial problems, their demands and the existing barriers to health care utilisation.
Migrants from Poland and Vietnam have a higher general score of complaints of physical ill-health and higher anxiety and depression values than Germans. Psychosocial and medical institutions are visited less.
Further analytical studies are needed to clarify health differences between these groups. Migrants are a heterogeneous group and only group-specific investigations will clarify associations between countries of origin, health status and use of health care institutions.
关于移民及其心理健康的实证研究仍然很少。在德国，这类研究往往样本量较小，且局限于某些疾病和地理区域（旧联邦州）。其结果的可比性有限。尽管如此，评估移民的健康状况对于为这一目标群体提供充分的医疗和心理社会护理而言是必要的。
提供有关在德国的波兰和越南移民心理健康的数据。
我们使用吉森主观症状清单-24（GSCL-24）和医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）对来自波兰的140名移民和来自越南的88名移民的随机样本进行了评估。此外，我们询问了移民在遇到心理社会问题时对医疗机构的了解情况、他们的需求以及利用医疗保健服务存在的障碍。
来自波兰和越南的移民在身体不适的总体抱怨得分以及焦虑和抑郁值方面高于德国人。他们较少前往心理社会和医疗机构。
需要进一步的分析研究来阐明这些群体之间的健康差异。移民是一个异质性群体，只有针对特定群体的调查才能阐明原籍国、健康状况和医疗保健机构利用之间的关联。
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