Hashimoto Isaya, Koizumi Keiichi, Tatematsu Mikiko, Minami Takayuki, Cho Seiji, Takeno Nobuhiro, Nakashima Akitoshi, Sakurai Hiroaki, Saito Shigeru, Tsukada Kazuhiro, Saiki Ikuo
Department of Surgery II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
Eur J Cancer. 2008 May;44(7):1022-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.02.043. Epub 2008 Mar 28.
Patients with advanced gastric carcinoma, especially peritoneal dissemination, have a poor prognosis even after any treatment. Chemokines are now known to play an important role in cancer growth and metastasis. We recently reported that the chemokine CXCL12 plays an important role in the development of peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastric carcinoma. In this study, we investigated signalling pathway involved in the peritoneal carcinomatosis induced by chemokine CXCL12. Akt was rapidly and strongly phosphorylated by chemokine CXCL12. CXCL12 also induced the activation of p70S6K (S6K) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) included in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways which are located downstream of Akt, resulting in enhancements of metastatic properties such as MMP production, cell migration and cell growth in peritoneal disseminated gastric cancer, NUGC4 cells. Furthermore, mTOR inhibitor rapamycin not only drastically inhibited migration and MMP production, but also induced type II programmed cell death, autophagic cell death. In the present study, we have shown for the first time that the mTOR pathway plays a central role in the development of peritoneal carcinomatosis, and blocking this pathway induces autophagic cell death in disseminated gastric cancer. Therefore, blocking on the CXCR4/mTOR signalling pathway may be useful for the future development of a more effective therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer involved in peritoneal dissemination.
晚期胃癌患者,尤其是有腹膜播散的患者,即便接受任何治疗,预后都很差。现在已知趋化因子在癌症生长和转移中起重要作用。我们最近报道趋化因子CXCL12在胃癌腹膜转移瘤的发展中起重要作用。在本研究中,我们调查了趋化因子CXCL12诱导腹膜转移瘤所涉及的信号通路。趋化因子CXCL12能迅速且强烈地使Akt磷酸化。CXCL12还能诱导p70S6K(S6K)和真核起始因子4E结合蛋白1(4E-BP1)的激活,这两种蛋白包含在位于Akt下游的雷帕霉素哺乳动物靶点(mTOR)通路中,从而增强腹膜播散性胃癌NUGC4细胞的转移特性,如基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)产生、细胞迁移和细胞生长。此外,mTOR抑制剂雷帕霉素不仅能显著抑制迁移和MMP产生,还能诱导II型程序性细胞死亡,即自噬性细胞死亡。在本研究中,我们首次表明mTOR通路在腹膜转移瘤的发展中起核心作用,阻断该通路能诱导播散性胃癌发生自噬性细胞死亡。因此,阻断CXCR4/mTOR信号通路可能有助于未来开发针对涉及腹膜播散的胃癌更有效的治疗策略。