Davidson Michael H
University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60610-4310, USA.
Am J Cardiol. 2008 Apr 17;101(8A):14B-19B. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.02.028.
Niacin, or nicotinic acid, has established efficacy for the treatment of dyslipidemia, but the clinical use of niacin has been limited by cutaneous flushing, a well-recognized associated adverse effect. Flushing has been cited as the major reason for the discontinuation of niacin therapy, estimated at rates as high as 25%-40%. A number of studies have established that moderate doses of prostaglandin inhibitors reduce the cutaneous flushing response from niacin administration. Other strategies for reducing flushing include regular consistent dosing, the use of extended-release formulations, patient education, dosing with meals or at bedtime, and the avoidance of alcohol, hot beverages, spicy foods, and hot baths or showers close to or after dosing. Because niacin has recognized cardiovascular benefits, promoting patient awareness of factors that can minimize niacin-induced flushing can help enhance the tolerability of this valuable dyslipidemic agent.
烟酸，即尼克酸，已被证实对治疗血脂异常有效，但烟酸的临床应用受到皮肤潮红这一广为人知的相关不良反应的限制。皮肤潮红被认为是停用烟酸治疗的主要原因，估计停药率高达25%-40%。多项研究已证实，中等剂量的前列腺素抑制剂可降低服用烟酸后的皮肤潮红反应。其他减轻皮肤潮红的策略包括规律持续给药、使用缓释制剂、患者教育、餐时或睡前给药，以及在给药前后避免饮酒、热饮、辛辣食物和热水浴或淋浴。由于烟酸具有公认的心血管益处，提高患者对可将烟酸引起的皮肤潮红降至最低的因素的认识，有助于提高这种有价值的血脂异常治疗药物的耐受性。
