Koo E H, Abraham C R, Potter H, Cork L C, Price D L
Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205-2181.
Neurobiol Aging. 1991 Sep-Oct;12(5):495-501. doi: 10.1016/0197-4580(91)90079-y.
In the brains of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and aged monkeys, the serine protease inhibitor alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) is selectively associated with deposits of amyloid found in senile plaques and in the walls of blood vessels. The origin of ACT in the brains of these aged subjects is unclear. In this study, ribonucleic acid (RNA) blots of human brains show that ACT messenger RNA (mRNA) increases during development. Levels of mRNA were negligible in fetuses and young adults but were increased slightly in normal aged individuals and highest in individuals with AD. In situ hybridization detected ACT transcripts in astrocytes of the cortex, subependymal region, and superficial white matter. The expression of ACT mRNA was highest in subjects with AD, in an adult with Down's syndrome, in an individual with Pick's disease, and in cases of Huntington's disease. In the brains of adult monkeys, ACT expression was detected primarily in astrocytes of the subependyma and white matter. Thus the presence of ACT appears to be related to the response of astrocytes to the brain abnormalities seen in these conditions.
在患有阿尔茨海默病（AD）的个体以及老年猴子的大脑中，丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂α1 - 抗糜蛋白酶（ACT）与在老年斑和血管壁中发现的淀粉样沉积物有选择性关联。这些老年受试者大脑中ACT的来源尚不清楚。在这项研究中，对人类大脑进行的核糖核酸（RNA）印迹分析表明，ACT信使核糖核酸（mRNA）在发育过程中增加。胎儿和年轻人的mRNA水平可忽略不计，但在正常老年人中略有增加，在患有AD的个体中最高。原位杂交在皮质、室管膜下区域和浅层白质的星形胶质细胞中检测到ACT转录本。ACT mRNA的表达在患有AD的受试者、一名患有唐氏综合征的成年人、一名患有皮克病的个体以及亨廷顿病患者中最高。在成年猴子的大脑中，ACT表达主要在室管膜下和白质的星形胶质细胞中检测到。因此，ACT的存在似乎与星形胶质细胞对这些情况下所见大脑异常的反应有关。
