Russell R L, Greenwald S, Shirk S R
New School for Social Research, New York, New York.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1991 Dec;59(6):916-9. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.59.6.916.
Eighteen child therapy outcome studies, containing 26 treatment/control comparisons on at least one language measure, were evaluated. Four questions were addressed: (a) Does child therapy positively impact children's language proficiencies, and are its effects comparable to those obtained on nonlanguage outcome measures? (b) Do outcome effects vary across individual versus group treatment? (c) Does the type of emphasis on verbal process in treatment affect the degree of gain in the children's language proficiencies at outcome? and (d) Do effect sizes on language measures differ depending on type of presenting problem? Results indicate that child therapy has a significant positive impact on children's language proficiencies and that individual is superior to group treatment. Several trends emerged suggesting relationships between the magnitude of language change and type of emphasis on verbal processes in therapy and the childs' presenting problems. Further research on language variables is recommended.
对18项儿童治疗效果研究进行了评估，这些研究包含至少一项语言测量指标的26组治疗/对照比较。研究探讨了四个问题：（a）儿童治疗是否对儿童的语言能力有积极影响，其效果与非语言治疗效果指标相比如何？（b）个体治疗与团体治疗的效果是否存在差异？（c）治疗中对言语过程的强调类型是否会影响儿童在治疗结束时语言能力的提高程度？（d）语言测量指标的效应大小是否因呈现问题的类型而异？结果表明，儿童治疗对儿童的语言能力有显著的积极影响，个体治疗优于团体治疗。出现了几个趋势，表明语言变化的幅度与治疗中对言语过程的强调类型以及儿童呈现的问题之间存在关联。建议对语言变量进行进一步研究。
