Jacob Tija C, Moss Stephen J, Jurd Rachel
Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2008 May;9(5):331-43. doi: 10.1038/nrn2370.
GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) type A receptors (GABA(A)Rs) mediate most fast synaptic inhibition in the mammalian brain, controlling activity at both the network and the cellular levels. The diverse functions of GABA in the CNS are matched not just by the heterogeneity of GABA(A)Rs, but also by the complex trafficking mechanisms and protein-protein interactions that generate and maintain an appropriate receptor cell-surface localization. In this Review, we discuss recent progress in our understanding of the dynamic regulation of GABA(A)R composition, trafficking to and from the neuronal surface, and lateral movement of receptors between synaptic and extrasynaptic locations. Finally, we highlight a number of neurological disorders, including epilepsy and schizophrenia, in which alterations in GABA(A)R trafficking occur.
γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)A型受体(GABA(A)Rs)介导哺乳动物大脑中大部分快速突触抑制,在网络和细胞水平上控制活动。GABA在中枢神经系统中的多种功能不仅与GABA(A)Rs的异质性相匹配,还与产生和维持适当受体细胞表面定位的复杂转运机制和蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用相匹配。在本综述中,我们讨论了我们对GABA(A)R组成的动态调节、在神经元表面的转运以及受体在突触和突触外位置之间的横向移动的理解方面的最新进展。最后,我们强调了一些神经疾病,包括癫痫和精神分裂症,其中GABA(A)R转运发生改变。