Melara R D, Nairne J S
Department of Psychological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1364.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1991 Nov;17(6):1124-35. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.17.6.1124.
We conceptualize the past and the present as dimensions of experience and ask whether past processing must affect decisions about the present and whether present processing must affect decisions about the past. The paradigm is speeded classification: Ss classified a stimulus's past spatial position and tried to ignore information about present position (Experiments 1-4), or classified present position, while attempting to ignore past position (Experiments 5-6). We found that in classifying the past, Ss were unable to ignore present position, unless it was processed apart from the retrieval cue. In classifying the present, subjects could ignore past position completely. We conclude that a processing asymmetry exists, reflecting perhaps a logical asymmetry in the information required to make past or present decisions.
我们将过去和现在概念化为经验的维度，并探讨过去的信息处理是否必然影响对当前的决策，以及当前的信息处理是否必然影响对过去的决策。实验范式是快速分类：被试对刺激的过去空间位置进行分类，并试图忽略关于当前位置的信息（实验1 - 4），或者对当前位置进行分类，同时试图忽略过去的位置（实验5 - 6）。我们发现，在对过去进行分类时，被试无法忽略当前位置，除非它与检索线索分开处理。在对当前进行分类时，被试能够完全忽略过去的位置。我们得出结论，存在一种处理上的不对称，这可能反映了做出关于过去或当前决策所需信息中的逻辑不对称。
