Benjamin Amos L
School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby.
P N G Med J. 2006 Sep-Dec;49(3-4):137-46.
This is a cross-sectional study conducted intermittently in Port Moresby, the National Capital District of Papua New Guinea, from 1996 to 1997; Mt Obree in Central Province in October 2000; Upper Strickland River in April 2001; and the Balopa Islands in Manus Province in December 2002. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of high blood pressure and identify possible risk factors for hypertension in the 'healthy' population in Port Moresby and the three rural communities. There were 1491 subjects surveyed, 704 males and 787 females. Their ages ranged from 20 to 84 years. Just over 6% of subjects were aged 65 years and above. There were 205 (14%) smokers and 340 (23%) betelnut chewers. The Central (rural) subjects were generally younger with the lowest mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures and lowest body mass index (BMI) in both males and females (no overweight or obesity). In Central and Strickland the mean systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures were lower and remained the same in all age groups, then in females decreased with age after 55 years. The Manus (rural) subjects were older with higher mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures and higher mean BMI, surprisingly similar to the urban population of Port Moresby. The mean systolic blood pressures in Port Moresby and Manus increased with age in both sexes, while the mean diastolic pressure remained the same in all age groups in females and decreased after the age of 50 years. The prevalence of systolic hypertension among men and women was higher in Manus than in urban Port Moresby and, among the female subjects, Manus had the highest at 31%, while Central recorded the lowest for both males and females. The mean systolic blood pressures of betelnut chewers in Port Moresby, Manus and Central were lower (by 1-9 mmHg) but higher--in males only--in Strickland. The mean diastolic blood pressures of betelnut chewers were lower in all study sites. Both high BMI (overweight and obesity) and older age were significantly associated with high systolic blood pressure but betelnut chewing was significantly associated with lower mean SBP (p < 0.001), a protective effect against systolic hypertension.
这是一项横断面研究,于1996年至1997年在巴布亚新几内亚首都行政区莫尔斯比港间歇性开展;2000年10月在中央省的奥布里山开展;2001年4月在上斯特里克兰河开展;2002年12月在马努斯省的巴洛帕群岛开展。该研究的目的是确定莫尔斯比港以及三个农村社区“健康”人群中高血压的患病率,并找出高血压可能的风险因素。共对1491名受试者进行了调查,其中男性704名,女性787名。他们的年龄在20岁至84岁之间。略多于6%的受试者年龄在65岁及以上。有205名(14%)吸烟者和340名(23%)嚼槟榔者。中央省(农村)的受试者总体上较为年轻,男性和女性的平均收缩压和舒张压最低,体重指数(BMI)也最低(无超重或肥胖情况)。在中央省和斯特里克兰地区,平均收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)较低,且在所有年龄组中保持不变,然后在女性中,55岁以后随年龄增长而下降。马努斯省(农村)的受试者年龄较大,平均收缩压和舒张压较高,平均BMI也较高,令人惊讶的是与莫尔斯比港的城市人口相似。莫尔斯比港和马努斯省的平均收缩压在两性中均随年龄增长而升高,而女性的平均舒张压在所有年龄组中保持不变,50岁以后下降。马努斯省男性和女性的收缩期高血压患病率高于莫尔斯比港市区,在女性受试者中,马努斯省的患病率最高,为31%,而中央省男性和女性的患病率均为最低。莫尔斯比港、马努斯省和中央省嚼槟榔者的平均收缩压较低(低1 - 9 mmHg),但在斯特里克兰地区仅男性的平均收缩压较高。所有研究地点嚼槟榔者的平均舒张压均较低。高BMI(超重和肥胖)和高龄均与高收缩压显著相关,但嚼槟榔与较低的平均收缩压显著相关(p < 0.001),对收缩期高血压有保护作用。