Novak Natalija, Haberstok Jörg, Bieber Thomas, Allam Jean-Pierre
Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany.
Trends Mol Med. 2008 May;14(5):191-8. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2008.03.001. Epub 2008 Apr 7.
Despite high bacterial colonization and frequent allergen contact, acute inflammatory and allergic reactions are rarely seen in the oral mucosa. Therefore we assert that immune tolerance predominates at this site and antigen presenting cells, such as dendritic cells and different T cell subtypes, serve as key players in oral mucosal tolerance induction. In this article we describe the mechanisms that lead to tolerance induced in the oral mucosa and how they differ from tolerance induced in the lower gastrointestinal tract. Furthermore we discuss ways in which novel nonparenteral approaches for immune intervention, such as allergen-specific immunotherapy applied by way of the sublingual route, might be improved to target the tolerogenic properties of the sophisticated oral mucosal immune network.
尽管口腔黏膜存在高度的细菌定植且频繁接触过敏原，但急性炎症和过敏反应在口腔黏膜中却很少见。因此，我们认为免疫耐受在该部位占主导地位，抗原呈递细胞，如树突状细胞和不同的T细胞亚型，是诱导口腔黏膜耐受的关键因素。在本文中，我们描述了导致口腔黏膜诱导耐受的机制，以及它们与下消化道诱导耐受的机制有何不同。此外，我们还讨论了如何改进新型非肠道免疫干预方法，如通过舌下途径应用的过敏原特异性免疫疗法，以靶向复杂的口腔黏膜免疫网络的致耐受性特性。
