Fallon M, Smyth J
St Columba's Hospice Chair of Palliative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, UK.
Eur J Cancer. 2008 May;44(8):1069-71. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.02.034. Epub 2008 Apr 8.
Modern palliative care started with St Christopher's Hospice in 1967 and was initially regarded as 'terminal care'. This served as a template for a developing model of multidisciplinary clinical care, teaching and research. A decade later, several hospital Palliative Care Teams were established and different terms were used to describe them. An evidence base developed slowly and a medical subspeciality was established, known as Palliative Medicine. Over the last two decades we have seen an expansion in non-hospice palliative care. The terms used to describe this care have been variable and inconsistent. Our challenges in progress involve establishing clear terminology and an evolving improved evidence base, along with a realisation that there are large gaps in patient care.
现代姑息治疗始于1967年的圣克里斯托弗临终关怀院，最初被视为“终末期护理”。这为多学科临床护理、教学和研究的发展模式提供了模板。十年后，几家医院成立了姑息治疗团队，并且使用了不同的术语来描述它们。循证基础发展缓慢，一个医学亚专业——姑息医学得以确立。在过去的二十年里，我们看到非临终关怀院的姑息治疗有所扩展。用于描述这种护理的术语一直多变且不一致。我们在发展过程中面临的挑战包括确立清晰的术语、不断完善循证基础，同时认识到患者护理方面存在巨大差距。
