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生态位重叠是否控制着法国湖泊鱼类群落的相对丰度?一种纳入功能性状的新方法。

Does niche overlap control relative abundance in French lacustrine fish communities? A new method incorporating functional traits.

作者信息

Mason Norman W H, Lanoiselée Cédric, Mouillot David, Wilson J Bastow, Argillier Christine

机构信息

Unite de Recherche Hydrobiologie, CEMAGREF, 361, rue Jean-François Breton BP 5095-34196 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.

出版信息

J Anim Ecol. 2008 Jul;77(4):661-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2008.01379.x. Epub 2008 Apr 4.

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2656.2008.01379.x
PMID:18397248
Abstract
  1. The mechanisms that structure biological communities hold the key to understanding ecosystem functioning and the maintenance of biodiversity. Patterns of species abundances have been proposed as a means of differentiation between niche-based and neutral processes, but abundance information alone cannot provide unequivocal discrimination. 2. We combined species niche information and species' relative abundances to test the effects of two opposing structuring mechanisms (environmental filtering and niche complementarity) on species' relative abundances in French lacustrine fish communities. The test involved a novel method comparing the abundance-weighted niche overlap within communities against that expected when relative abundances were randomized among species within the community. 3. Observed overlap was consistently significantly lower than expected at random for two (swimming ability and trophic status) of four primary niche axes across lakes of differing physical environments. Thus, for these niche axes, pairs of abundant species tended to have relatively low niche overlap, while rare species tended to have relatively high niche overlap with abundant species. 4. This suggests that niche complementarity may have acted to enhance ecosystem function and that it is important for species coexistence in these fish communities. The method used may be easily applied to any sort of biological community and thus may have considerable potential for determining the generality of niche complementarity effects on community structure.
摘要
  1. 构建生物群落的机制是理解生态系统功能和生物多样性维持的关键。物种丰度模式已被提出作为区分基于生态位和中性过程的一种手段,但仅靠丰度信息无法提供明确的区分。2. 我们结合物种生态位信息和物种相对丰度,来测试两种相反的构建机制(环境过滤和生态位互补)对法国湖泊鱼类群落中物种相对丰度的影响。该测试涉及一种新颖的方法,即将群落内丰度加权的生态位重叠与群落内物种相对丰度随机化时预期的重叠进行比较。3. 在不同物理环境的湖泊中,四个主要生态位轴中的两个(游泳能力和营养状态)的观察到的重叠始终显著低于随机预期值。因此,对于这些生态位轴,丰富物种对往往具有相对较低的生态位重叠,而稀有物种往往与丰富物种具有相对较高的生态位重叠。4. 这表明生态位互补可能起到了增强生态系统功能的作用,并且对这些鱼类群落中的物种共存很重要。所使用的方法可能很容易应用于任何类型的生物群落,因此在确定生态位互补对群落结构影响的普遍性方面可能具有相当大的潜力。

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