Jaber Karimi, Francis Frederic, Paquereau Laurent, Fournier Didier, Haubruge Eric
Functional & Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agricultural University, Passage des Déportés 2, BE-5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2007;72(3):629-38.
Aphids are important pests of crop plants in Europe. Increasing resistance of aphids to insecticides and their side effects on the environment and non target organism's including human's stimulated research on alterative methods of aphid control, including the use of entomotoxic proteins. Lectins are carbohydrate binding proteins that are widely distributed in nature; they have been isolated from microorganisms, fungi, plants and animals. Several of these proteins were tested for their potential biocide effect on plenty of pests. A fungal lectin, namely Xerocomus Chrysenteron lectin (XCL) was previously purified and was shown to be toxic for several pests including aphids. XCL was clearly the most toxic lectin against M. persicae. In this work, bioassays using artificial diets incorporating a broad range of XCL concentrations (from 10 microg x ml(-1) to 5000 microg x ml(-1)) were developed to assess the negative effects of XCL on the biological parameters (development duration, weight and fecundity) of M. persicae a polyphagous aphid found on more than 400 host plant species and transmitting more than 100 viral diseases. A significant mortality of aphids was observed, corresponding to the LC50 and LC90 of 0, 46 and 6, 02 mg/ml respectively after 24hrs. Significant differences of M. persicae weight, development duration and fecundity (P < 0.05) was observed between the tested XCL concentrations. Conavalia ensifomris lectin (ConA) was included as lectin reference on the bioassay experiments and was shown to be less toxic and induced lower negative changes in M. persicae biological parameters when compared with XCL.
蚜虫是欧洲农作物的重要害虫。蚜虫对杀虫剂的抗性不断增强，以及它们对环境和包括人类在内的非目标生物产生的副作用，刺激了对蚜虫控制替代方法的研究，包括使用昆虫毒性蛋白。凝集素是一类广泛存在于自然界的碳水化合物结合蛋白；它们已从微生物、真菌、植物和动物中分离出来。其中几种蛋白质已针对大量害虫测试了其潜在的杀生物剂作用。一种真菌凝集素，即褐黄牛肝菌凝集素（XCL），此前已被纯化，并显示对包括蚜虫在内的几种害虫有毒性。XCL显然是对桃蚜毒性最强的凝集素。在这项研究中，开发了使用含有广泛XCL浓度（从10微克/毫升到5000微克/毫升）的人工饲料进行的生物测定，以评估XCL对桃蚜生物学参数（发育持续时间、体重和繁殖力）的负面影响。桃蚜是一种多食性蚜虫，可在400多种寄主植物上发现，并传播100多种病毒病。24小时后观察到蚜虫有显著死亡率，其LC50和LC90分别为0.46毫克/毫升和6.02毫克/毫升。在测试的XCL浓度之间，观察到桃蚜的体重、发育持续时间和繁殖力存在显著差异（P<0.05）。刀豆球蛋白A（ConA）作为凝集素参考物纳入生物测定实验，结果表明，与XCL相比，ConA毒性较小，对桃蚜生物学参数的负面变化诱导较低。
