Seeman Mary V
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto.
Schizophr Bull. 2009 Sep;35(5):937-48. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbn023. Epub 2008 Apr 9.
The health burden of antipsychotic medication is well known, but the disproportionate effect on women as compared with men is underappreciated.
The goal of this article is preventive--to better inform clinicians so that the risks to women and to their offspring can be diminished.
All PubMed sources in which the search term gender (or sex) was linked to a side effect of antipsychotic medication were reviewed.
There is general agreement in the literature on women's increased susceptibility to weight gain, diabetes, and specific cardiovascular risks of antipsychotics, with less consensus on malignancy risks and risks to the fetus. Cardiovascular death, to which men are more susceptible than women, is disproportionately increased in women by the use of antipsychotics. Sedating antipsychotics raise the risk of embolic phenomena during pregnancy, and postpartum. Prolactin-elevating drugs suppress gonadal hormone secretion and may enhance autoimmune proclivity.
Clinicians need to be aware of the differential harm that women (and their offspring) can incur from the side effects of antipsychotics.
抗精神病药物的健康负担众所周知,但与男性相比,其对女性的不成比例影响却未得到充分认识。
本文的目的是预防性的——更好地告知临床医生,以便减少对女性及其后代的风险。
对所有在PubMed来源中搜索词性别(或sex)与抗精神病药物副作用相关的文献进行了综述。
文献中普遍认为女性对抗精神病药物导致的体重增加、糖尿病和特定心血管风险更易感性增加,而对于恶性肿瘤风险和对胎儿的风险则较少达成共识。男性比女性更易患的心血管死亡,因使用抗精神病药物而在女性中不成比例地增加。镇静性抗精神病药物会增加孕期和产后栓塞现象的风险。催乳素升高药物会抑制性腺激素分泌,并可能增强自身免疫倾向。
临床医生需要意识到女性(及其后代)可能因抗精神病药物副作用而遭受的不同伤害。