Hiley Michael J, Yeadon Maurice R
School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK.
J Biomech. 2008;41(8):1730-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.02.028. Epub 2008 Apr 9.
The dismount from the high bar is one of the most spectacular skills performed in Men's Artistic Gymnastics. Hiley and Yeadon [2005. Maximal dismounts from high bar. Journal of Biomechanics 38, 2221-2227] optimised the technique in the backward giant circle prior to release using a computer simulation model to show that a gymnast could generate sufficient linear and angular momentum to perform a triple piked backward somersault dismount with a sufficiently large release window (the period of time during which the gymnast could release the bar and successfully complete the dismount). In the present study, it was found that when the timing of the actions at the hip and shoulder joints from the optimum simulation were perturbed by 30ms the resulting simulation could no longer meet the criteria for sufficient aerial rotation and release window. Since it is to be expected that a gymnast's technique can cope with small errors in timing for consistent performance, a requirement of robustness to timing perturbations should be included within the optimisation process. When the technique in the backward giant circle was optimised to be robust to 30ms perturbations, it was found that sufficient linear and angular momentum for a triple piked dismount could be achieved with a realistic release window.
从高杠上的下法是男子竞技体操中最具观赏性的动作之一。希利和伊登[2005年。从高杠上的最大下法。《生物力学杂志》38卷，2221 - 2227页]利用计算机模拟模型优化了向后大回环接下法的技术，结果表明，体操运动员能够产生足够的线动量和角动量，以完成一个充分打开的窗口（即体操运动员能够松开杠并成功完成下法的时间段）的向后团身三周下法。在本研究中，发现当髋关节和肩关节动作的时机相对于最佳模拟被扰动30毫秒时，所得到的模拟结果不再满足足够的空中旋转和下法窗口的标准。由于可以预期体操运动员的技术能够应对时间上的小误差以实现稳定表现，因此在优化过程中应纳入对时间扰动的鲁棒性要求。当向后大回环的技术被优化以使其对30毫秒的扰动具有鲁棒性时，发现通过一个实际可行的下法窗口能够实现向后团身三周下法所需的足够线动量和角动量。
