Greenwood Mark J
Aero Med Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503, USA.
J Emerg Med. 2009 May;36(4):408-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.10.048. Epub 2008 Apr 9.
In emergency medical service (EMS) systems, the transfer of patient care to persons at the receiving facility is delayed when EMS providers stop en route to the facility, or postpone entering after arrival, to perform tasks. When these tasks are prolonged and inessential, the delay in transferring care is judged to be inappropriate. When transfer of care is inappropriately delayed, EMS providers, supervisors, and medical directors may lose the immunity provided by their state's EMS Act. This article analyzes the legal issues surrounding inappropriate delays in transfer of care by EMS providers. Loss of statutory immunity may occur for reasons of public policy, as reflected in case law and under the reasonableness standard. Without immunity, persons involved in the transfer of patients to receiving facilities may be subject to liability under ordinary rather than gross negligence standards.
在紧急医疗服务（EMS）系统中，当急救人员在前往接收机构的途中停下，或到达后推迟进入，以执行任务时，将患者护理工作移交给接收机构人员的过程就会被耽搁。当这些任务冗长且并非必要时，护理移交的延迟就被判定为不当。当护理移交被不当延迟时，急救人员、主管及医疗主任可能会失去其所在州EMS法案所赋予的豁免权。本文分析了围绕急救人员不当延迟护理移交的法律问题。如判例法及合理性标准所反映的，基于公共政策的原因，可能会导致法定豁免权的丧失。若没有豁免权，参与将患者转送至接收机构的人员可能会按照一般而非重大过失标准承担责任。
