Schiltz L
CRP-Santé, Luxembourg.
Bull Soc Sci Med Grand Duche Luxemb. 2008;Spec No 1:75-90.
According to research literature, people suffering from addiction to alcohol or illegal drugs are presenting well defined troubles of identity. The aim of this study consists in showing structural similarities and differences between those two clinical subgroups, with the help of the Rorschach test which we have interpreted in an integrated quantitative and qualitative manner. We constructed a rating scale for the test of Rorschach, following the phenomenological and structural tradition of Mucchielli. This rating scale is considering as well the special phenomena as the global judgment of the experienced clinical psychologist. It is differing from the classical psychogramme by its holistic perspective, as it takes into account the interaction of different factors in a specific context. In an exploratory perspective we applied this rating scale to the Rorschach protocols of two small samples of people suffering from alcoholism and of people suffering from drug addiction. The patients belonging to both subgroups were in a state of abstinence at the period of the test. Thus their answers are reflecting an interaction of their basic personality and long term effects of the toxic products, but not the immediate effects of alcohol or illegal drugs. We have compared the answers of the two subgroups of dependent people with the help of non parametric statistics. Their specific profiles have been extracted with optimal scaling techniques. The results are discussed in relationship with structural psychopathology.
根据研究文献，酗酒或吸食非法毒品成瘾的人存在明确的身份认同问题。本研究的目的在于借助我们以综合定量和定性方式解读的罗夏测验，揭示这两个临床亚组之间的结构异同。我们遵循穆基耶利的现象学和结构传统，构建了一个罗夏测验评分量表。该评分量表既考虑了特殊现象，也纳入了经验丰富的临床心理学家的整体判断。它与经典心理图谱的不同之处在于其整体视角，因为它考虑了特定背景下不同因素的相互作用。从探索性角度出发，我们将此评分量表应用于酗酒者和吸毒成瘾者两个小样本的罗夏测验记录。两个亚组的患者在测试期间均处于戒断状态。因此，他们的回答反映了其基本人格与有毒物质长期影响的相互作用，而非酒精或非法毒品的即时影响。我们借助非参数统计方法比较了两组依赖者的回答。运用最优标度技术提取了他们的具体特征。并结合结构精神病理学对结果进行了讨论。
