Laforce R, Tracy S
l'Université Laval.
Sante Ment Que. 1998 Spring;23(1):214-34.
The overconsumption of psychotropic substances is a major problem for contemporary societies. In the USA, 14.1% of the population between the age 15 and 54 have experienced addiction problems to alcohol during their lives while as 7.5% are addicted for life to other drugs (cannabis, cocaine, stimulants, etc). Many studies report that excessive consumption of alcohol, with or without illegal drug use, is associated to social conditions favoring the development of psychological distress and isolation. Although there are many studies on the differences between personality traits of alcoholics and drug users, few authors have examined the possibility to bring to the fore a specificity between the personality structures of the alcoholic and the drug user from a psychodynamic approach. This exploratory review of literature, first presents studies already conducted in order to identify common or distinct personality features for these types of addition. This article then reviews psychodynamic writings examining the possibility of a structural organization that is specific to addiction. Finally, the authors propose a few thoughts allowing to postulate on the existence of a structural organization specific to these two types of addiction.
精神活性物质的过度消费是当代社会的一个主要问题。在美国，15至54岁的人口中有14.1%在其一生中经历过酒精成瘾问题，而7.5%的人终身沉迷于其他毒品（大麻、可卡因、兴奋剂等）。许多研究报告称，无论是否使用非法药物，过度饮酒都与有利于心理困扰和孤立发展的社会状况有关。尽管有许多关于酗酒者和吸毒者人格特质差异的研究，但很少有作者从心理动力学角度探讨区分酗酒者和吸毒者人格结构特殊性的可能性。这篇文献探索性综述首先介绍了已开展的研究，以确定这些成瘾类型的共同或不同人格特征。本文接着回顾了探讨成瘾特定结构组织可能性的心理动力学著作。最后，作者提出了一些想法，以便推测这两种成瘾类型特定结构组织的存在。
