Reed Pamela G, Lawrence Lisa A
College of Nursing, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0203, USA.
J Nurs Manag. 2008 May;16(4):422-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2834.2008.00862.x.
The aim of this paper was to explore trends, arguments and issues surrounding knowledge production and nursing practice, and to propose a paradigm of practice-based knowledge along with strategies to promote theory-based knowledge development in practice.
Practice-based knowledge has been marginalized in the current practice and research paradigms. Several reasons for this are presented, some of which may be addressed to facilitate a more inclusive approach to knowledge that can potentially advance patient care and the discipline.
Classic and contemporary scholarly sources in nursing, philosophy, education, social sciences and other areas were critically reviewed and applied to support the argument and propose a paradigm of practice-based knowledge production.
A key point identified in the paper is that theory, meaning conceptualizations at all levels of abstraction, is an important tool of knowledge development in nursing practice as it is in traditional research. Conclusions Various strategies exist that can be employed to promote development and use of practice-based knowledge in the clinical setting. The strategies are innovative yet practical, and require the support and encouragement of nursing management for their successful implementation.
Nursing managers can influence if not facilitate all of the strategies to promote practice-based knowledge development identified in the paper. These efforts could give voice to the caregiver's knowledge and, in turn, enhance patient care and the satisfaction and retention of nurses.
本文旨在探讨围绕知识生产与护理实践的趋势、论点及问题，并提出基于实践的知识范式以及促进实践中基于理论的知识发展的策略。
基于实践的知识在当前的实践和研究范式中已被边缘化。文中阐述了造成这种情况的几个原因，其中一些原因或许可以解决，以促成一种更具包容性的知识方法，这可能会推动患者护理及该学科的发展。
对护理、哲学、教育、社会科学及其他领域的经典和当代学术资源进行了批判性审视，并用以支持该论点并提出一种基于实践的知识生产范式。
本文确定的一个关键点是，理论，即在所有抽象层面的概念化，在护理实践中如同在传统研究中一样，是知识发展的重要工具。结论存在多种可用于促进临床环境中基于实践的知识的发展和应用的策略。这些策略既创新又实用，且其成功实施需要护理管理层的支持与鼓励。
护理管理者即便不能推动，也能影响本文中所确定的所有促进基于实践的知识发展的策略。这些努力能够表达护理人员的知识，进而提高患者护理水平以及护士的满意度和留用率。
