Gharib H
Division of Endocrinology/Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Mayo Medical School, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 1994 Nov;5(9):365-9. doi: 10.1016/1043-2760(94)90103-1.
Thyroid nodules are common and frequently benign. Current evaluation by fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy is efficacious and cost-effective. Results of FNA series confirm that this procedure is safe, without serious complications, reliable, and relatively easy to perform. Radioisotope scanning and high-resolution ultrasonography are used in special circumstances and not as routine diagnostic tests. When FNA biopsy is applied, benign nodules (75%) are followed medically, and suspicious (20%) or malignant (5%) nodules are excised surgically. Overall, FNA biopsy of thyroid nodules has improved surgical selection, resulting in a 25% reduction in thyroidectomies for benign nodules.
甲状腺结节很常见，且大多为良性。目前通过细针穿刺（FNA）活检进行评估既有效又具有成本效益。FNA系列研究结果证实，该操作安全，无严重并发症，可靠且相对易于实施。放射性同位素扫描和高分辨率超声检查仅在特殊情况下使用，并非常规诊断测试。应用FNA活检时，对于良性结节（75%）进行医学随访，对于可疑结节（20%）或恶性结节（5%）则进行手术切除。总体而言，甲状腺结节的FNA活检改善了手术选择，使良性结节甲状腺切除术减少了25%。
