Enweluzo G O, Giwa S O, Obalum D C
Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos/ Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.
Niger Postgrad Med J. 2008 Mar;15(1):6-9.
Extremity injuries are common in polytrauma, which remains a leading cause of death, long hospitalisation and disability for all ages. There are few research works on the pattern of these extremity injuries in Lagos, Nigeria.
To describe the pattern of extremity (limb) injuries in polytraumatised patients.
This was a prospective study carried out at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, between 1st November 2004 and 31st October 2006.
A total of 291 patients presented with multiple injuries between November 2004 and October 2006. All of them had extremity injuries. The studied patients were aged 2 to 76 years with a mean of 31.2 +/- 16.4. Two hundred and twenty two (76.3%) of the patients were aged 40 years or less. There were 219 males and 72 females showing a male to female ratio of 3:1 Road traffic accident was the most common aetiology (73.2%). The most frequently seen fractures were tibia 27.8%, femur and fibula 24.7% each. An overwhelming majority (88.8%) had multiple fractures. The commonest fracture combinations were tibia/ fibula 24.7% and radius/ulna 19.6%. The most frequently associated injury was head injury 26.8%. Others were spinal and abdominal injuries 13.4% each. Hip dislocation accounted for a majority (56%) of all dislocations seen in this study.
Lower extremity injuries were commoner than upper extremity injuries in polytrauma. Majority of them had multiple fractures especially among bones that have close anatomical location. Head injury was the most commonly associated injury.
四肢损伤在多发伤中很常见，多发伤仍是各年龄段死亡、长期住院和残疾的主要原因。在尼日利亚拉各斯，关于这些四肢损伤模式的研究工作很少。
描述多发伤患者的四肢（肢体）损伤模式。
这是一项前瞻性研究，于2004年11月1日至2006年10月31日在拉各斯大学教学医院进行。
2004年11月至2006年10月期间，共有291例患者出现多处损伤。他们均有四肢损伤。研究患者年龄在2至76岁之间，平均年龄为31.2±16.4岁。222例（76.3%）患者年龄在40岁及以下。男性219例，女性72例，男女比例为3:1。道路交通事故是最常见的病因（73.2%）。最常见的骨折是胫骨骨折（27.8%），股骨和腓骨骨折各占24.7%。绝大多数（88.8%）患者有多发性骨折。最常见的骨折组合是胫骨/腓骨（24.7%）和桡骨/尺骨（19.6%）。最常合并的损伤是头部损伤（26.8%）。其他为脊柱和腹部损伤，各占13.4%。髋关节脱位占本研究中所有脱位的大多数（56%）。
在多发伤中，下肢损伤比上肢损伤更常见。大多数患者有多发性骨折，尤其是在解剖位置相近的骨骼中。头部损伤是最常合并的损伤。
