Balcerek Maciej
Katedra i Zakład Farmakognozji, Collegium Medicum UMK w Bydgoszczy.
Przegl Lek. 2007;64(10):903-5.
Lung cancer is the most common malignant disease in the world and the major cause of death from cancers. Around 80-90% of all human lung cancers are related to cigarette smoke. Tobacco smoke contains at least 60 carcinogens capable of causing tumors, 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are among the most prominent pulmonary carcinogens. Prevention is the most effective way to reduce lung cancer mortality. Chemoprevention is a cancer preventive strategy to inhibit, delay or reverse carcinogenesis using naturally occurring or synthetic chemical agents. A number of epidemiological studies have shown an inverse relationship between cruciferous vegetable consumption and cancer, especially those of lung and stomach. Crucifers, such as broccoli, cauliflower, brussel sprouts and cabbage, contain a family of secondary plant metabolites known as glucosinolates, which are unique to these vegetables. Upon hydrolysis, glucosinolates yield a number of breakdown products, mostly isothiocyanates, with supposed chemopreventive properties, as shown in animal experiments. It appears that significant portion of the chemopreventive effects of isothiocyanates may be associated with the inhibition of the metabolic activation of carcinogens by cytochrome P450s (Phase I), coupled with strong induction of phase II of detoxifying enzymes.
肺癌是全球最常见的恶性疾病，也是癌症死亡的主要原因。在所有人类肺癌中，约80 - 90%与吸烟有关。烟草烟雾中至少含有60种能够致癌的致癌物，4-(N-甲基-N-亚硝基氨基)-1-(3-吡啶基)-1-丁酮（NNK）和多环芳烃（PAH）是最主要的肺部致癌物。预防是降低肺癌死亡率的最有效方法。化学预防是一种癌症预防策略，使用天然存在的或合成的化学试剂来抑制、延缓或逆转致癌作用。多项流行病学研究表明，食用十字花科蔬菜与癌症，尤其是肺癌和胃癌之间存在负相关关系。十字花科植物，如西兰花、菜花、抱子甘蓝和卷心菜，含有一类被称为硫代葡萄糖苷的次生植物代谢产物，这些是这些蔬菜所特有的。硫代葡萄糖苷水解后会产生多种分解产物，主要是异硫氰酸盐，动物实验表明这些产物具有化学预防特性。异硫氰酸盐的化学预防作用很大一部分似乎与细胞色素P450（I相）对致癌物代谢活化的抑制作用以及解毒酶II相的强烈诱导有关。
